Microsoft Azure Fundamentals Practice Test (AZ-900)

Azure Portal is a web-based graphical user interface that allows users to manage and monitor Azure resources through a web browser.

Azure PowerShell and Azure CLI are command-line tools used for scripting and automation.

Azure Resource Manager templates are used for deploying resources as code but do not provide a graphical interface.

Manageability in cloud computing refers to the ability to effectively administer and monitor cloud resources using centralized tools and dashboards. This benefit allows organizations to reduce administrative overhead by automating tasks, applying consistent policies, and gaining insights through monitoring and analytics. While elasticity, reliability, and scalability are important cloud benefits, they do not specifically address the need for centralized management tools to reduce administrative complexity.

In the consumption-based pricing model, customers are billed based on their actual usage of cloud resources, providing flexibility and cost efficiency. This model allows organizations to scale resources up or down as needed and pay accordingly, similar to utility services like electricity. The other options involve fixed fees, upfront costs, or long-term commitments, which do not reflect the pay-as-you-go nature of the consumption-based model.

False. A private cloud deployment involves the organization owning and managing the infrastructure, which requires significant upfront investment. To reduce upfront costs and pay based on usage, the organization should consider a public cloud deployment, where resources are provided by a cloud service provider on a consumption-based model.

Azure ExpressRoute provides dedicated, private connectivity between your on-premises network and Azure without using the public internet, offering more reliability, faster speeds, and lower latencies than typical internet connections.

Azure VPN Gateway uses encrypted tunnels over the public internet, which doesn't meet the requirement for avoiding the public internet.

Azure Virtual Network Peering connects virtual networks within Azure, not between on-premises and Azure.

Azure Traffic Manager distributes network traffic but doesn't establish connectivity.

Azure Service Health provides personalized alerts and guidance when Azure service issues like outages and planned maintenance affect your resources. It helps you stay informed and take actions to mitigate downtime.

Azure Monitor collects and analyzes data from your Azure and on-premises environments, focusing on performance and diagnostics.

Azure Advisor offers recommendations to optimize your Azure deployments.

Azure Security Center focuses on security management and threat protection.

ARM templates are actually written in JSON, which is a text-based format that can be managed and tracked easily with version control systems. JSON format allows for easy reading and editing by humans, and also for parsing by machines, making it an ideal choice for infrastructure as code (IaC) scenarios. The incorrect answer tries to trick you by stating the format is proprietary and binary, which would make version control difficult. This is not true, as ARM templates use JSON, which is neither proprietary nor binary.

Azure Cost Management and Billing provides tools to monitor, allocate, and optimize cloud spending. It offers cost analysis, budgeting, and recommendations to help you control and reduce costs. While Azure Advisor also provides cost recommendations, it focuses on broader best practices and doesn't offer budgeting or detailed cost analysis tools. Azure Monitor is used for collecting and analyzing telemetry data, and Azure Policy helps enforce organizational standards.

Azure Data Box provides a physical appliance for securely transferring large amounts of data to Azure when network transfer is impractical. It helps overcome bandwidth limitations by allowing offline data transfer.

Azure Migrate assists with the assessment and migration of on-premises servers, but it doesn't offer a physical transfer solution.

Azure File Sync synchronizes files between on-premises servers and Azure Files but relies on network connectivity.

Azure Site Recovery focuses on disaster recovery by replicating workloads, not on bulk data transfer.

Creating a separate Azure subscription for each team allows you to isolate billing and manage resources independently. Subscriptions are the primary billing units in Azure, so this approach enables each team's usage and costs to be tracked separately.

Resource groups help organize resources within a subscription but do not provide separate billing.

Management groups are used to organize subscriptions and apply policies across them but are not used to segregate billing.

Assigning custom Azure policies controls resource compliance and governance but does not affect billing separation between teams.

The consumption-based model, also known as the pay-as-you-go model, is the correct answer because it allows customers to pay only for the cloud resources they have actually used, which aligns with the company’s goal of cost-efficiency based on actual usage. This model offers the flexibility to scale resources up or down based on demand, and the costs will be adjusted accordingly.

Fixed pricing models are incorrect because they involve paying a pre-defined amount regardless of the actual usage, which could lead to overpaying if the allocated resources are underutilized. Subscription-based pricing may offer a discount for committing to a certain level of usage, but it would not be based solely on actual consumption, and over-committing could also lead to unnecessary costs. Lifetime pricing is not a standard billing model for cloud services, as it does not reflect the iterative and scalable nature of cloud consumption.

Azure Subscriptions are the right choice for the company as they form the container for billing, access control, and resource allocation. Each department can have its own subscription, with the costs separated per subscription. Management groups are not the answer as they are used to manage access, policies, and compliance across multiple subscriptions, rather than separating the billing and access control for different departments. A single subscription with multiple resource groups would not ideally segregate the billing by department. While Azure Active Directory performs identity and access management, it doesn't separate resources and billing at the departmental level.

This statement is not correct. While cloud services greatly enhance the reliability and availability of applications, they do not provide 100% guaranteed uptime. Service Level Agreements (SLAs) provided by cloud vendors typically include commitment to high availability but not absolute perfection. Therefore, organizations still need to have disaster recovery plans in place to prepare for the rare instances when disruptions may occur.

Azure Policy enables organizations to create, assign, and manage policies that enforce rules over resources, ensuring they comply with corporate standards and service-level agreements. It can evaluate resources for compliance, prevent non-compliant resources from being created, and even remediate existing resources.

Azure Monitor provides monitoring of your Azure resources.

Azure Advisor offers recommendations but does not enforce compliance.

Resource locks prevent accidental deletion or modification but do not evaluate compliance with standards.

The hybrid cloud model combines on-premises (private cloud) and third-party (public cloud) services, allowing organizations to leverage the scalability of the public cloud while keeping critical data and operations within their own data center. This setup is ideal for handling variable workloads and maintaining control over sensitive data. The public cloud alone would not keep data on-premises, and the private cloud does not leverage external resources for scalability. SaaS is a cloud service type, not a cloud deployment model.