Free CompTIA ITF+ FC0-U61 Practice Test

An attribute is used to store data related to an object. In this case, the due date of a 'Task' object is a piece of information that characterizes the task, making it an attribute of that object. Therefore, to record the due date, we would use an attribute specifically intended for this purpose within the 'Task' object.

A firewall is the correct answer because it is specifically designed to monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on security rules. This would prevent unauthorized access to internal resources. A switch primarily connects devices within a network and manages data flows between them. A router is used to connect multiple networks and route traffic between them. An access point allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network, but it does not regulate traffic with security rules.

Single-use licenses typically restrict the installation of the software to one machine at a time. This is to prevent multiple instances of the software from being used by different individuals which would violate the terms of the single-use license agreement. The license is 'single use' not in terms of how many individuals can use it, but in relation to how many machines it can be installed on concurrently.

Storing backup data off-site is the correct answer because it provides geographical diversity. In the event that there is a site-specific disaster, such as a fire or natural disaster, the chances of the backup data becoming compromised are reduced. On-site storage would put the backup data at the same risk as the original data, and cloud storage without specifying the need for distant geographic location does not guarantee the data is stored remotely. Personal devices are not recommended for professional backup purposes due to security and capacity concerns, and they do not inherently provide geographical diversity.

Journaling is a feature used in file systems to enhance data integrity and aid in the recovery of data. By keeping a log of changes, it is possible to restore a file system to a previous state in the event of a crash or power failure. Compression is used to reduce the size of files, encryption for data security, and permissions for access control, but they are not primarily used for data recovery.

Unicode is a character encoding standard that includes a much larger set of characters than ASCII, which allows it to represent most of the world's writing systems. This is essential for documents that require the use of characters from multiple languages that are not all covered by the ASCII character set. Binary is a number system that computers use to represent all types of data, but it is not a character encoding standard. Hexadecimal is often used as a human-friendly representation of binary data, especially in contexts such as color codes in HTML, but is not used for text character encoding. ASCII is limited to 128 characters, which is insufficient for encoding the characters of multiple languages.

The correct answer is 'Integer'. An integer data type is most appropriate for representing whole numbers like age. 'Boolean' is used for true/false values, 'String' is used for sequences of characters, and 'Float' is used for decimal numbers.

The scenario exemplifies Rule-based access control because access is granted based on specific rules set by the system (e.g., being part of the finance department, having a managerial role, and it being outside regular business hours). In contrast, Role-based access control would grant permissions based on the role alone without considering additional factors like time. Mandatory and Discretionary access controls are not based on predefined rules tied to attributes like time or departmental role.

An uninterrupted power supply (UPS) provides emergency power when the input power source fails, allowing for the safe shutdown of computers and connected equipment, preventing data loss and hardware damage. Surge protectors, while useful against power spikes, do not provide power if the electricity goes out. Cloud storage is a solution for off-site data backup but doesn't provide power. Generators may provide power but are not usually a quick-enough solution compared to a UPS for immediate protection against data loss.

A foreign key is used to link the records in one table to the records in another, establishing a relationship between the two tables. In this case, including a foreign key in the 'Employees' table that references the primary key of the 'Departments' table maintains data integrity by ensuring that each employee is associated with an existing department.

The central computer described in the scenario is a server. A server manages network resources, stores files, and runs applications, providing services to client computers within the network. Other options like router, switch, and NAS perform specific roles but do not fulfill the general network management, storage, and application hosting functions that define a server.

Tbps stands for 'terabits per second' and is used to measure data transmission speeds. One terabit equals one trillion bits, making Tbps the correct answer. Mbps measures millions of bits per second and Gbps measures billions, which are significantly smaller units of measurement compared to Tbps. KBps measures thousands of bytes per second, not bits, and is also a much smaller unit of measurement.

In flowcharts, the oval or ellipse is used as a terminal symbol indicating the start or end of a process. While the other shapes have different meanings in the context of flowchart elements, such as the rectangle for a process step and the diamond for a decision, the oval stands out as the universal symbol signaling the beginning or conclusion of a program.

A Network Attached Storage (NAS) device is specifically designed to connect to a network to provide access to files across multiple users simultaneously without the need for a direct connection to a central computing resource like a workstation or dedicated server. A flash drive is for single-user, local storage; a file server would necessitate a dedicated system; and a modem is a device that facilitates internet connections without providing file storage services.

The correct symbol for representing a decision in a flow chart is a diamond. This shape is typically used to illustrate points in the program where a yes/no question is being assessed, making it fundamental for branching logic. In this scenario, whether the user inputs '1' or '2' is the branching condition. The rectangle represents a process step, not a decision, so it is not correct. The circle is generally used as a connector or terminator and the arrow represents the flow of control, not a decision.