OSI Model Layers and Purposes

Ensures reliable data transfer and error correction between hosts.

Translates data between the application and network formats, ensuring proper encoding and encryption.

Handles logical addressing, routing, and data packet forwarding.

Manages and controls communication sessions between computers.

Controls data framing, error detection, and medium access control.

Provides services directly to end-users and applications, like email or file transfer.

Deals with the physical transmission of data over network media.