Passwordless authentication removes memorized secrets entirely. Instead, the user proves identity with something they have or are-for example, a hardware token storing a private key that is unlocked by a biometric check in a smartphone app. Eliminating passwords mitigates risks such as credential reuse, phishing, and brute-force guessing. Strong, complex passwords, security questions, and SMS one-time codes all still involve knowledge-based or phishable secrets, so they are not truly passwordless.
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What is a biometric check, and how does it work in passwordless authentication?
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What is a hardware token, and how does it enable passwordless authentication?
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How does passwordless authentication mitigate phishing risks?