CompTIA Network+ Practice Test (N10-009)

The Management Information Base (MIB) is the correct answer because it contains hierarchical descriptions of all the network objects that can be managed. The MIB allows administrators to gather detailed information about device performance and status efficiently, unlike SNMP Traps, which are used for asynchronous event notification, or Community strings, which authenticate access to a device's saved data, without providing detailed information themselves. Access Control Lists (ACLs) are used primarily for security to control traffic flow, not for information retrieval about device performance and status.

Applying QoS policies to prioritize traffic ensures that critical applications, such as video conferencing, are given the required bandwidth even during high traffic periods. This is crucial for maintaining the quality and reliability of the video conferencing, which may be sensitive to bandwidth fluctuations. On the other hand, increasing bandwidth would not prioritize the specific needs of various types of traffic, traffic shaping alone might delay some packets to reduce burstiness without ensuring bandwidth availability, and traffic policing would limit the rate of traffic, potentially dropping packets when the bandwidth cap is exceeded.

Performing a network bandwidth analysis would provide data on the actual bandwidth being used compared to the available bandwidth. If the analysis shows that the actual usage is consistently near or at the capacity of the network, it is likely that increasing the throughput capacity would resolve the issue. Inspecting cables or replacing network devices, while important in general, would not directly determine if throughput capacity is the issue.

RJ11 cables are commonly used for telephone connections in North America and are suitable for devices like fax machines that require a single telephone line connection. RJ45, used primarily in Ethernet networks, and RJ48, often used for T1 lines, are not suitable for traditional fax machine connections. Coaxial cables are generally used for television and broadband connections, not for telephone-based fax connections.

Increasing the wireless coverage might not directly address the high number of clients disconnecting if the area coverage is already sufficient. Adjusting the data rates requires assessing if slow data rates are the actual cause of disassociation, which is not directly implied. Replacing the antenna would depend on whether the existing ones are faulty or unsuitable for the environment, which isn't suggested by the given scenario. Adding an additional access point addresses the issue by reducing the load on a single access point, thus likely decreasing the frequency of disconnections during peak hours. This aligns with managing network congestion and ensuring adequate service delivery for all connected clients.

The correct answer specifies an ACL rule that allows only the specific subnet 10.10.10.0/24 access to the server's subnet 192.168.5.0/24. This rule effectively restricts all other subnets from accessing the secure server, ensuring that only administration team devices can reach the subnet. Other options either incorrectly specify the source or destination addresses, or inappropriately allow traffic from all addresses which compromises security.

Class A addresses are designed for very large networks, with a default subnet mask of 255.0.0.0. They start with a first octet from 1 to 126. This allows for a large number of possible hosts on each network, suitable for networks with many devices.

NTP (Network Time Protocol) is used to synchronize the clocks of computers to one another within a few milliseconds of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). It is essential for maintaining accurate timekeeping across all network devices, which is critical for activities depending on precise timing such as logging and transaction timestamping. PTP (Precision Time Protocol), while also used for time synchronization, is typically employed in industries requiring extremely high precision timekeeping, like telecommunications and finance, which might be overkill for standard network operations. NTS (Network Time Security) is actually a security protocol intended to provide authentication for NTP.

The BSSID uniquely identifies each access point in a WLAN, functioning similar to a MAC address for the wireless access point. This is crucial for characterizing and managing individual access points, especially in environments where multiple APs are deployed. The description of it as an SSID for the wireless AP is inaccurate because the SSID is what users see as the network name, not a unique identifier for the hardware like the BSSID. Although BSSIDs are broadcasted in packets, characterizing them primarily as security measures or as devices that define network size is misleading.

A captive portal controls network access by requiring users to view or interact with a web page before Internet access is granted. It's a common method for implementing guest Wi-Fi networks, ensuring users accept legal terms or log in. Other answers might sound plausible, but they do not correctly describe the primary function of a captive portal.

HTTPS is the secure version of HTTP, which means that HTTPS traffic is encrypted. By default, HTTPS traffic runs over port 443. Therefore, to allow encrypted web traffic, the firewall should be configured to allow traffic through port 443. While port 80 is used for HTTP, it is not secure. Ports 53 and 22 are often used for DNS and SSH respectively, neither of which are correct for this scenario.

The correct answer is 'False'. OSPF actually utilizes the Dijkstra's algorithm to compute the shortest path tree for each route. The Bellman-Ford algorithm, conversely, is used by protocols like RIP, which is different from OSPF.

Encapsulating protocols for tunneling across diverse networks is the primary application of GRE, making it useful for creating virtual point-to-point links over an IP internetwork. It enables the encapsulation of packets from one protocol suite within the datagram encapsulations of another protocol suite, facilitating connectivity across heterogeneous networks.

Given the symptoms are network-wide and affect a specific service (VoIP), starting the troubleshooting process using a top-to-bottom OSI model approach is appropriate. This method ensures that no layer-specific issues are overlooked, starting from the application layer (which directly affects VoIP quality), down through transport and network layers where issues like packet loss or delay can occur, and finally to the physical layer. Other approaches, such as focusing on a specific tool or protocol or checking only hardware installations, could miss configuration or software issues that might be impacting the network layers crucial for VoIP functionality.

Tools like netstat provide information about open ports and active connections, allowing administrators to detect unauthorized services that may be compromising network security.