A network administrator needs to identify all open ports and the operating system of a device on their network to ensure no unauthorized ports are open. Given the device has the IP address 192.168.1.123, which Nmap command should be used to perform this scan?
The correct answer is nmap -O -sT 192.168.1.123. This command performs a TCP connect scan (-sT) along with operating system detection (-O). This scan type will identify all open ports and determine the operating system, providing essential security and network management information. nmap -p- 192.168.1.123 runs a scan for every port but lacks OS detection. nmap -F 192.168.1.123 performs a fast scan, checking fewer ports and without OS detection, which does not meet the requirement of checking all ports. nmap -sn 192.168.1.123 merely pings the host to check if it is up, without scanning any ports or detecting the operating system.
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