The term 'loop' describes the process where a program executes a set of instructions over and over again until a certain condition is no longer met. Loops are used to perform repetitive tasks without having to write the same code multiple times. 'Iteration' is a term that somewhat relates since it refers to a single cycle through a loop, but it is not the correct term to describe the overall process. 'Recursion' involves a function calling itself and is not necessarily tied to a specific condition like a loop. 'Sequence' is a term used to describe a particular order in which instructions occur and does not imply repetition.