Project Management Professional Practice Test

The correct answer involves using processes to capture lessons learned and insights, and incorporating them into the organizational knowledge base for current and future use. It is important to create and maintain an atmosphere of trust and to motivate the team to share their knowledge, as tacile knowledge is often shared through conversation and interactions, which requires a collaborative environment that fosters knowledge sharing.

The correct answer is 'Storming' because it describes a stage where team members openly disagree and there's tension as individuals begin to express their own ideas and challenge those of others. In the five stages of team development (forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning), the 'storming' stage is often characterized by conflict as team members work through their differences. 'Forming' is the initial stage of team development where conflict is usually minimal because the team is just being assembled. 'Performing' is a later stage focused on reaching the project's goals, where the team is expected to work smoothly together. 'Adjourning' is the final stage where the project is completed, and the team is disbanded.

Creating and communicating a clear project vision and mission gives team members context for why the work matters. When people understand the desired future state and the purpose behind the project, they can evaluate their choices against that vision and stay aligned with strategic objectives. Simply adding milestones, increasing earned-value reviews, or crashing the schedule manages time and cost but does not address the underlying need for shared direction.

Utilizing user stories facilitates interaction with stakeholders to gather requirements in a manner that divides larger tasks into smaller, more manageable segments that are directly focused on user needs. This approach supports the identification of a Minimum Viable Product (MVP) by ensuring that each increment delivers value and responds to actual user requirements, thus aligning perfectly with agile methodologies where early and incremental value delivery is crucial. The other options, while relevant in their own contexts, do not directly support task division for MVP identification. Organizational diagrams focus on structure rather than task breakdown; comprehensive quality assurance, although important, pertains more to the product's overall quality process than to task subdivision; and detailed timelines might help in scheduling but do not intrinsically aid in breaking down tasks for MVP creation.

Before attempting to resolve the conflict, the project manager needs to determine the source of the conflict. Identifying whether the conflict stems from limited resources, differing values, varying interests, or personal work styles is crucial for choosing the right approach to conflict resolution. Once the source is understood, the project manager can proceed with a strategy that tackles the underlying issue.

Personal dislikes are often a small portion of interpersonal conflict but are not typically the main focus when analyzing the context for a team-based project conflict. Instead, the focus should be on factors that directly relate to project work, such as resources, schedules, and priorities, which can be addressed within the project management framework. Analyzing someone's personal budget should not be within the scope of a project manager's responsibilities and is therefore not a correct step when evaluating the context for conflict.

The correct answer is that a servant leader prioritizes removing obstacles and fostering an inclusive environment. Servant leadership is centered on serving the team first by understanding their needs, supporting their growth, and removing any impediments that hinder their progress. This approach creates a supportive and inclusive culture where team members feel valued and empowered, leading to higher engagement and performance. Issuing detailed instructions represents a directive style, delegating without support is a laissez-faire approach, and focusing solely on metrics neglects the people-centric focus of servant leadership.

Encouraging cognitive diversity does not inevitably create unmanageable conflict or prevent consensus. Studies show that teams with varied ways of thinking are more likely to surface facts, avoid groupthink, and generate innovative solutions. While the additional perspectives may lengthen discussion, effective facilitation turns that debate into higher-quality decisions, improved cohesion, and stronger project outcomes.

Option C is incorrect and therefore the best answer because a reward system is not implemented solely to provide quantitative evaluation through financial incentives. According to the PMBOK Guide, effective systems balance tangible (monetary) and intangible (non-monetary) rewards to satisfy individual needs and reinforce desirable behavior. Options A, B, and D correctly describe recognized benefits or design principles of reward and recognition plans.

Collaborative (participative) leadership encourages open dialogue and shared decision-making, allowing experienced team members to apply their expertise and feel ownership of outcomes. Directive or autocratic leadership can stifle contributions, laissez-faire leadership may lack the structure needed to channel ideas productively, and transactional leadership focuses on rewards rather than collective problem-solving. Therefore, collaborative leadership best fits the described situation.

The correct answer is organizing a workshop to help the team and providing them with necessary resources. This action exemplifies servant leadership by focusing on empowering the team, removing impediments, and providing support, rather than issuing commands. The other options represent different leadership styles: implementing a strict schedule is an authoritarian approach, assigning tasks only to senior members fails to develop the entire team, and immediately escalating the issue bypasses the opportunity to empower the current team to solve its own problems.

Prioritizing the classification of compliance categories will help you understand the specific requirements that apply to different aspects of your project, such as data protection, health, and safety, or financial reporting. This is essential for then determining the potential threats to compliance, using methods to support compliance, and addressing compliance needs effectively. Without this fundamental step, it would be challenging to ensure full compliance in an organized and effective manner.

The correct answer is Compromising/Reconciling. This technique is suitable when a quick resolution is needed for a moderately important issue and both parties have equal power. In this scenario, both developers have valid points, and the priority is to avoid a schedule delay. Compromising allows for a quick, mutually acceptable solution where both parties concede some points, thus serving the immediate project needs. Forcing/Directing would be inappropriate as both solutions are viable, and it could demotivate the team. Smoothing/Accommodating ignores the actual conflict, which is not productive. Collaborating/Problem-solving, while often the ideal win-win approach, is typically time-consuming and may not be feasible under tight deadlines.

Ensuring high-quality product delivery through continuous integration, testing, and delivery is crucial for Agile Project Execution. This practice involves integrating work frequently and verifying it with automated tests, allowing teams to detect issues early and adjust quickly to changes. It aligns with the Agile principles of maintaining a sustainable pace and continuous attention to technical excellence, thus delivering a potentially shippable product at the end of each iteration.

The correct answer is calculated using the PERT formula for expected duration (TE): TE = (Optimistic + 4 × Most Likely + Pessimistic) / 6.

Substituting the given values: TE = (6 + 4 × 10 + 20) / 6 TE = (6 + 40 + 20) / 6 TE = 66 / 6 = 11 days.

An answer of 12 days would be the result of using a simple average ( (6+10+20)/3 ), which is incorrect for a PERT calculation.