CompTIA Tech+ Practice Test (FC0-U71)

A Network Attached Storage (NAS) device is specifically designed to connect to a network to provide access to files across multiple users simultaneously without the need for a direct connection to a central computing resource like a workstation or dedicated server. A flash drive is for single-user, local storage; a file server would necessitate a dedicated system; and a modem is a device that facilitates internet connections without providing file storage services.

Journaling file systems write the details or "intent" of each change to a special log (the journal) before committing the change to the main file system structures. If the system loses power or crashes mid-operation, the OS replays or rolls back the journal on reboot, bringing the file system back to a consistent state and greatly reducing the chance of corruption. Compression, fragmentation, and disk mirroring do not provide this transaction-style recovery capability.

Making your profile private and limiting post sharing to friends or trusted contacts helps maintain your privacy and reduces the risk of your information being misused. The other practices provided can compromise your security by exposing more of your information than intended.

A concurrent license is ideal for the firm's situation because it allows a set number of copies of the software to be in use at the same time. Since the firm's employees will not be using the software simultaneously, this model provides a cost-effective solution that adheres to legal agreements. A single use license would not work for multiple users, even if used at different times. A group use/site license could be more expensive as it allows for more simultaneous usage than the firm requires. A subscription license might introduce unnecessary recurring fees.

You should first confirm whether the operating system will recognize and install the printer automatically by using Plug-and-Play. If Windows can supply an in-box or Windows Update driver, no manual driver installation is required. If the printer is not Plug-and-Play compatible, you would instead obtain and install the correct driver package before making the connection. Simply connecting the cable, adding the printer manually, or printing a test page are later steps that assume driver availability.

Scalability is the feature that allows a database to accommodate an increasing load of data or users. A scalable database can handle growth smoothly, maintaining performance and avoiding bottleneck issues. Flat file systems, which do not usually support multiple concurrent users or significant amounts of data, tend to lack scalability. Query options, while important for interacting with the database, do not directly relate to how well the database performs under larger loads.

In a relational database, a primary key uniquely identifies each record in its own table. To relate those records to another table, that primary key is stored in the other table as a foreign key. Adding the "PatientID" field to the "Appointments" table as a foreign key enforces referential integrity, ensuring that every appointment is linked to an existing patient. The other choices either duplicate data, add unnecessary fields, or fail to create this required link.

Checking that the software is being downloaded from the official vendor's website is correct because official websites are more likely to provide genuine, malware-free software. This practice reduces the risk of downloading malicious or counterfeit applications that can compromise a system's security. Downloading software from a pop-up advertisement or a link sent via email increases the risk of obtaining software from an untrusted or potentially harmful source, which can lead to security breaches.

The correct answer is 'Creating and editing documents.' This is the primary function because word processing software is designed to allow users to enter, modify, format, and output text, often with additional features like spell check and text formatting options. Other choices given might relate to functions available in different types of software. For instance, managing databases is a function associated with database software, not word processing software, and while functions like email or video calls can be performed on the same device, they are not the purpose of word processing software.

Manufacturers use the decimal system, where 1 terabyte (TB) equals 1 000 gigabytes (GB). A 1 TB drive therefore provides only about 1 000 GB, which is less than the 1 200 GB minimum. A 2 TB drive supplies roughly 2 000 GB, meeting the requirement and leaving headroom for future growth. Drives of 500 GB or 200 GB fall far short of the needed capacity.

The binary number '1010' represents the decimal number 10. Each position in a binary number corresponds to a power of 2, starting from the rightmost digit. So, in '1010', the leftmost '1' represents 2^{3 (8), and the second digit '0' represents 2}2 (0), the third '1' represents 2^{1 (2), and the last '0' represents 2}0 (0). Adding these together (8 + 0 + 2 + 0) gives us 10. The other options either represent different binary values or do not correspond correctly to '1010'.

Setting proper file permissions is the best method to ensure that only authorized users have access to certain files. Permissions can be adjusted to grant specific rights, such as read, write, and execute, to specific users or groups of users, thereby effectively controlling who can access the files. Biometric authentication is more related to accessing the device itself rather than individual files. Firewall rules protect against external threats and manage network traffic but do not control access to files on a computer. Full disk encryption is essential for protecting the data if the device is stolen or lost, but it does not specifically restrict file access while the operating system is running.

The correct answer highlights terabytes (TB) as a suitable unit for larger datasets, such as those typically encountered in substantial projects. While gigabytes (GB) are also a measure of data, terabytes are used to describe much larger volumes, making them more applicable in this scenario. Choosing megabytes (MB) would be insufficient due to the relatively small size they represent, while kilobytes (KB) are far too small for substantial data needs.

Private browsing is a feature available in most web browsers that allows users to browse the internet without recording the history or storing cookies and temporary files that track their activities. When a private browsing session ends, this information is typically discarded. Clearing the cache happens after browsing, extensions can add functionality but do not erase session data by default, and popup blockers simply suppress unwanted windows; none of these provide the same privacy during the session.

Hexadecimal digits can be directly converted to binary four-digit groupings. '1' in hexadecimal converts to '0001' in binary, and 'F' converts to '1111'. When combined, the binary representation of the hexadecimal '1F' is '00011111'.