CompTIA Tech+ Practice Test (FC0-U71)

Alice is using the concept of functions. Functions allow a programmer to create a reusable set of instructions. Instead of writing the same code over and over, a function can be defined once and called multiple times whenever the operation is needed. This enhances code readability and maintainability. The other options provided do not directly refer to grouping code for reusability; 'variables' store data values, 'arrays' hold multiple values in a single variable, and 'objects' encapsulate data and behavior but are not specifically for grouping and reusing a set of instructions.

Scalability is the feature that allows a database to accommodate an increasing load of data or users. A scalable database can handle growth smoothly, maintaining performance and avoiding bottleneck issues. Flat file systems, which do not usually support multiple concurrent users or significant amounts of data, tend to lack scalability. Query options, while important for interacting with the database, do not directly relate to how well the database performs under larger loads.

'Sequence' refers to the specific order in which instructions are executed in a program. It's essential because computers execute instructions exactly as they are given, so the order of operations can determine whether a program functions correctly. This understanding is foundational before moving on to more complex concepts like branching and looping.

Journaling is a feature of some file systems that keeps track of changes not yet committed to the file system's main part by recording the intentions of such changes in a data structure known as a journal. In the event of a system crash or power failure, such file systems can be restored more quickly with consistency due to this record of intentions.

The correct answer highlights terabytes (TB) as a suitable unit for larger datasets, such as those typically encountered in substantial projects. While gigabytes (GB) are also a measure of data, terabytes are used to describe much larger volumes, making them more applicable in this scenario. Choosing megabytes (MB) would be insufficient due to the relatively small size they represent, while kilobytes (KB) are far too small for substantial data needs.

Hexadecimal digits can be directly converted to binary four-digit groupings. '1' in hexadecimal converts to '0001' in binary, and 'F' converts to '1111'. When combined, the binary representation of the hexadecimal '1F' is '00011111'.

A concurrent license is ideal for the firm's situation because it allows a set number of copies of the software to be in use at the same time. Since the firm's employees will not be using the software simultaneously, this model provides a cost-effective solution that adheres to legal agreements. A single use license would not work for multiple users, even if used at different times. A group use/site license could be more expensive as it allows for more simultaneous usage than the firm requires. A subscription license might introduce unnecessary recurring fees.

Before installing a printer or any other peripheral devices, it is usually recommended to check if the device is 'Plug-and-play', meaning it can be recognized and installed automatically by your laptop without the need for additional drivers. If plug-and-play is not supported, you would need to install drivers before the device can be used effectively, either from a CD provided with the device or by downloading from the manufacturer's website. The other options listed are not typically the first steps in setting up a new printer.

The correct answer is 'Creating and editing documents.' This is the primary function because word processing software is designed to allow users to enter, modify, format, and output text, often with additional features like spell check and text formatting options. Other choices given might relate to functions available in different types of software. For instance, managing databases is a function associated with database software, not word processing software, and while functions like email or video calls can be performed on the same device, they are not the purpose of word processing software.

Since 1 terabyte (TB) equals approximately 1000 gigabytes (GB), a 2 terabyte hard drive would provide enough capacity for the company’s requirements, offering some extra space for future expansion. A 1 terabyte drive would not be sufficient, as it falls short of the needed 1200 gigabytes. A 200 gigabytes and a 500 gigabytes hard drive are both well below the requirement.

A Network Attached Storage (NAS) device is specifically designed to connect to a network to provide access to files across multiple users simultaneously without the need for a direct connection to a central computing resource like a workstation or dedicated server. A flash drive is for single-user, local storage; a file server would necessitate a dedicated system; and a modem is a device that facilitates internet connections without providing file storage services.

Methods are a set of instructions grouped together to perform a specific task or related operations within a program. When a method is called, the program executes these instructions. Understanding this allows programmers to organize code into reusable and logical segments. Methods are not the same as classes, which provide the structure for objects, nor are they the same as properties, which are used to store data within objects.

Checking that the software is being downloaded from the official vendor's website is correct because official websites are more likely to provide genuine, malware-free software. This practice reduces the risk of downloading malicious or counterfeit applications that can compromise a system's security. Downloading software from a pop-up advertisement or a link sent via email increases the risk of obtaining software from an untrusted or potentially harmful source, which can lead to security breaches.

Private browsing is a feature available in most web browsers that allows users to browse the internet without recording the history or storing cookies and temporary files that track their activities. When a private browsing session ends, this information is typically discarded. This is the correct answer because it specifically refers to the functionality of not retaining or storing user activity data during a browsing session. Other answers mention features that do not provide this particular functionality.

Setting proper file permissions is the best method to ensure that only authorized users have access to certain files. Permissions can be adjusted to grant specific rights, such as read, write, and execute, to specific users or groups of users, thereby effectively controlling who can access the files. Biometric authentication is more related to accessing the device itself rather than individual files. Firewall rules protect against external threats and manage network traffic but do not control access to files on a computer. Full disk encryption is essential for protecting the data if the device is stolen or lost, but it does not specifically restrict file access while the operating system is running.