CompTIA Tech+ Practice Test (FC0-U71)

To add a new record to a relational database, the INSERT command is used in SQL (Structured Query Language). This command allows you to insert new data into a table. The SELECT command is used to retrieve data, not to insert it. The CREATE command is used mainly to create new database objects like tables, not specific records. The UPDATE command is used to modify existing data within the database.

The statement is correct because a schema must be defined for a database to structure the data, indicating how the data will be organized, which tables will be used, and the relationships between these tables. Without a schema, the database cannot efficiently organize or manage the data.

A modem connects a local network to the Internet by converting digital data from a computer to analog signals for transmission over telephone lines, cable systems, or satellite communications. Routers direct traffic on a network, switches connect devices within a network, hubs are basic networking devices that connect multiple devices, and repeaters regenerate signals to extend the reach of a network. However, only modems convert signals for Internet connectivity.

In object-oriented programming, a property is an attribute of an object that holds data. The title of the book would be stored in a 'title' property of the 'Book' object. Methods perform actions or computations, not store data. Classes define the structure of an object but are a blueprint, not individual data points. A variable is a storage location paired with an associated symbolic name (an identifier), which contains some known or unknown quantity of information referred to as a value; while a property can be accessed with variables, the property itself contains the information you want to retrieve, in this case, the title of the book.

The correct answer is 'SELECT FirstName, LastName FROM Staff WHERE LastName LIKE 'S%' ORDER BY FirstName ASC;' because it includes all the necessary clauses for the specified conditions. It selects only the columns needed ('FirstName', 'LastName'), uses a WHERE clause with the LIKE operator to filter last names starting with 'S' (indicated by 'S%'), and sorts the results by 'FirstName' in ascending order. The other options are incorrect either due to missing the sorting condition ('ORDER BY'), incorrect sorting order, assuming a column that doesn't exist, or using incorrect wildcard character for selection.

Regular backups to cloud storage ensure that critical files are not only saved frequently but are also stored off-site, which protects against local disasters like fire, theft, or hardware failure. This approach adheres to the best practices for backing up essential data and provides a resilient recovery option. Daily on-site backups, while important, may not provide adequate protection against local disasters. Weekly backups might not give frequent enough data recovery points for critical financial records, leading to potential data loss. On-demand backups rely on manual intervention and may not occur with the necessary regularity for important documents.

The correct answer is 'To ensure data can be recovered even if the primary site is compromised'. Backing up data in a different physical location helps protect against natural disasters, theft, or other incidents that could occur at the primary site, which might render local backups useless if they are destroyed or unreachable along with the original data.

HDMI cables carry both audio and video signals between devices and have the same connector on both ends, which makes them the suitable choice for connecting a laptop to a projector for presentations that include sound and visual content. DisplayPort and VGA cables also carry video signals but DisplayPort cables can carry audio as well; however, they have a different connector than HDMI. RJ-45 is typically used for network connections and does not carry audio or video signals.

A Man-in-the-middle attack occurs when a perpetrator positions himself in a conversation between a user and an application—either to eavesdrop or to impersonate one of the parties, making it appear as though a normal exchange of information is underway. The goal is to steal personal information or to alter communications between the two parties, thus compromising data integrity.

Using a service that encrypts files ensures that the data is protected during transfer and storage. This is important as unencrypted files could be easily intercepted or accessed by unauthorized users. Selecting a platform that emphasizes encryption helps safeguard sensitive information. Other options, such as public sharing or services that do not specify security measures, expose data to unnecessary risks.

The clock speed of a processor is measured in GHz (gigahertz) and represents how many cycles per second the processor can perform. A higher clock speed means the processor can perform more cycles each second, leading to faster processing of tasks. For tasks that involve heavy processing like image editing and 3D rendering, a higher clock speed would generally result in better performance, therefore a 3.2 GHz processor would be preferred over the 2.5 GHz one.

A folder is used to organize and store files. It acts like a container that helps users categorize and segregate files for easier access and management, allowing for structured data storage. Unlike a file, which holds data, a folder can hold multiple files or other folders, which makes it a critical component of file management systems.

Alice is using the concept of functions. Functions allow a programmer to create a reusable set of instructions. Instead of writing the same code over and over, a function can be defined once and called multiple times whenever the operation is needed. This enhances code readability and maintainability. The other options provided do not directly refer to grouping code for reusability; 'variables' store data values, 'arrays' hold multiple values in a single variable, and 'objects' encapsulate data and behavior but are not specifically for grouping and reusing a set of instructions.

Visual diagramming software is designed for creating detailed diagrams, such as network layouts, which can be used for planning and communication purposes. It offers tools and templates specific to diagramming that make it ideal for this use case. Spreadsheet software is mainly used for numerical calculations and data analysis rather than creating visual diagrams. Presentation software is good for showcasing information but lacks the detailed diagramming features needed for network planning. Word processing software is mainly used for text documents and does not have the advanced diagramming capabilities required for creating complex network diagrams.

Uninstalling a program using the system's built-in uninstall feature is the best option to remove unwanted software because it is designed to safely remove all components of the software from the system, without leaving behind residual files that could take up resources or cause conflicts. Rebooting the computer or deleting the program's desktop shortcut would not remove the actual software from the system. Defragmenting the hard drive could improve performance but would not remove any software.