CompTIA Tech+ Practice Test (FC0-U71)

Using the operating system's uninstall tool (such as Apps & Features or Programs and Features in Windows) launches the software's own uninstaller and deregisters it from the system. This process removes the program's executable files and related registry entries, freeing disk space and preventing the application from loading automatically. Simply rebooting the computer, deleting a desktop shortcut, or defragmenting the hard drive does not remove the underlying program, so the software would still remain on the drive and could continue consuming resources.

Role-based access control is correct because it links access permissions to the employee's role within the organization. In this case, as a 'Marketing Analyst,' Maya would have access rights specific to her role, which enables her to perform her job functions. Least privilege model is incorrect as it is a principle and not a method. Custom user settings refer to individual settings tailored for a user and are not based on roles. Unrestricted access would grant Maya more permissions than necessary, violating security best practices.

The correct answer is 12. Octal is a base-8 number system that uses digits from 0 to 7. To convert the decimal number 10 to octal, you divide 10 by 8, which results in a quotient of 1 and a remainder of 2. The next step is to divide the quotient (1) by 8, which gives a remainder of 1. Reading the remainders from bottom to top yields 12. Alternatively, converting the octal number 12 back to decimal confirms the answer: (1 * 8^{1) + (2 * 8}0) = 8 + 2 = 10.

The correct answer is to change the router's default administrator password. Manufacturer default passwords are often publicly known and can be easily found online. Leaving the default password unchanged creates a significant vulnerability, allowing unauthorized individuals to access the router's configuration, monitor traffic, or launch attacks. Disabling the SSID broadcast is a form of 'security through obscurity' and is not considered a strong security measure, as hidden networks can still be detected by determined attackers. Placing the router centrally is a best practice for signal coverage, not security. Enabling the 5GHz band improves performance and can reduce interference but is not a primary security measure.

An array is ideal when the number of elements is fixed. Because its elements are stored in contiguous memory, each username can be accessed directly by index in O(1) time, giving the fastest possible iteration performance. A linked list must follow pointers from node to node, a hash table provides no defined order, and a queue enforces FIFO removal rather than random indexed access, all of which make them less efficient for this scenario.

The correct answer is appropriate because tablets are designed for portability and are well-suited for tasks such as note-taking and document access, making them ideal for use during meetings. Laptops, while portable, are bulkier and not as convenient for quick notes. Smartphones may be useful but have a smaller screen which can limit usability for document viewing. Gaming consoles are not designed for productivity tasks and are therefore unsuitable.

The correct answer is 'To outline the program's logic in human-readable format before coding.' Pseudocode is used for planning and explaining a program's structure without delving into the specifics of programming language syntax. It's a high-level description of what a program will do and helps programmers and others involved in the development to understand how the program will function. 'To debug programs' is incorrect because pseudocode itself is not used for debugging; it is a tool for design and planning. 'To compile the program into binary' is incorrect as pseudocode is not compilable; it is merely a human-readable description. 'To encrypt the program's code' is also incorrect since pseudocode has nothing to do with encryption; it is meant for readability and clarity of program logic.

The correct answer is 111. The decimal system (base-10) is the standard system for representing numbers using digits 0-9. The number one hundred and eleven is written as 111 in this system. '6F' is the correct representation of one hundred and eleven in the hexadecimal (base-16) system. '1101111' is the correct representation of one hundred and eleven in the binary (base-2) system. '1011' is a decimal number, but it represents the value eleven.

Encrypting data adds a layer of security that ensures that even if the data is accessed by an unauthorized user, it cannot be easily understood without the appropriate decryption key. Other methods, like keeping the server room clean or using strong passwords, contribute to security but on their own do not protect the data at rest from being accessed and understood.

A loop structure is suitable for this task because it allows the system to go through each item in the inventory one by one and perform the same check repeatedly until all items have been accounted for. Using a loop prevents the need to write repetitive code for each item, thus enhancing efficiency and maintainability. Other structures, such as a single if-else statement, individual variables, or merely creating a constant, do not provide the iterative functionality required for this scenario.

Password expiration is a policy that requires users to change their passwords after a set period, such as 90 days, to limit the time a compromised password remains valid. Password complexity refers to the requirements for characters, such as uppercase letters, numbers, and symbols. Password history prevents users from reusing their most recent passwords. Password reuse is the practice of using the same password across different sites, which is discouraged.

Regular backups to cloud storage ensure that critical files are not only saved frequently but are also stored off-site, which protects against local disasters like fire, theft, or hardware failure. This approach adheres to the best practices for backing up essential data and provides a resilient recovery option. Daily on-site backups, while important, do not provide adequate protection against local disasters. Weekly backups might not provide frequent enough data recovery points for critical financial records, leading to potential data loss. On-demand backups rely on manual intervention and may not occur with the necessary regularity for important documents.

Making your profile private and limiting post sharing to friends or trusted contacts helps maintain your privacy and reduces the risk of your information being misused. The other practices listed can compromise your security by exposing more of your information than intended.

Journaling file systems keep a log of pending changes. If a crash or power failure occurs before writes complete, the system can replay or roll back the log to return the file system to a consistent state, greatly reducing the chance of corruption or data loss. Compression, encryption, and larger file-size limits are unrelated features that do not come automatically from journaling.

A product key is a unique code used to verify that a copy of a software program is legitimate and is being used according to the license agreement. This is a primary method used by software publishers to prevent piracy. In contrast, a password protects a user's access to an already installed application or system and does not verify the software's license. While terms like 'activation key' and 'serial number' are sometimes used interchangeably with 'product key', the main function of the product key is to validate the right to use the software.

Scalability is the feature of a database system that allows it to handle a growing amount of work by adding resources to the system. It is essential for a database to be scalable to accommodate increased data and user load as a company grows. Vertical scaling refers to adding more power (CPU, RAM) to an existing machine, and horizontal scaling means adding more machines to a network to distribute the load. Without scalability, a database system can become slow or unresponsive as demand exceeds its capacity. A database that offers good scalability can grow with the company's needs without requiring a complete overhaul of the system.

Public IP addresses are assigned to devices on the Internet by ISPs and are routable on the global Internet. 192.168.1.1 is a private IP address used within a local network and not routable on the Internet. 169.254.0.1 is an Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) address used when DHCP fails, and is not routable. 10.0.0.1 is a private IP address. 203.0.113.1 is within the range designated for documentation and exemplification, and it is commonly used as a public IP address in examples.

In most instant messaging applications, the 'status visibility' or 'presence feature' controls whether you can see if your contacts are online, busy, or away. If an employee cannot see their colleagues' statuses, they should first check if this feature is enabled in their application settings. The other options provided do not primarily affect the visibility of user statuses in the context of instant messaging software.

An identifier is used to name elements in a program, such as variables and functions, allowing a programmer to refer to them in other parts of the code. It's not used for calculations or defining the type of data but rather for providing a unique name to differentiate one element from another.

Using customer purchase histories allows the retail company to create targeted marketing campaigns that better meet customer needs. This data-driven approach can increase customer satisfaction and boost sales. The other options do not accurately reflect how well-informed decisions based on data can positively impact business strategy.