CompTIA Tech+ Practice Test (FC0-U71)

Marcus should use a scripting language because it allows for quick and easy edits, can be run immediately without compiling, and is generally cross-platform compatible, which meets the requirements for the automated tool he is tasked with creating. Scripting languages are commonly used for automating repetitive tasks and manipulating data, which aligns with the process of generating and sending weekly reports.

Alice is using the concept of functions. Functions allow a programmer to create a reusable set of instructions. Instead of writing the same code over and over, a function can be defined once and called multiple times whenever the operation is needed. This enhances code readability and maintainability. The other options provided do not directly refer to grouping code for reusability; 'variables' store data values, 'arrays' hold multiple values in a single variable, and 'objects' encapsulate data and behavior but are not specifically for grouping and reusing a set of instructions.

Using a database API allows an application to communicate with the database server programmatically, offering a secure and standardized method for performing database operations like query execution and data manipulation. It abstracts the complexity and helps prevent SQL injection attacks by using prepared statements and parameterized queries. On the other hand, building SQL queries by directly concatenating user inputs can be prone to SQL injection attacks. Using command-line tools is not practical for a web application because it is not dynamic and can be insecure if proper precautions are not taken. While stored procedures are a secure way to execute pre-defined SQL statements, they are not a direct method of achieving programmatic access from a web application.

An Embedded OS would be the correct choice. This type of operating system is designed for devices that have a specific function and do not require extensive user interaction. They are tailored to the hardware of the device, ensuring efficiency and stability. In the case of the digital thermostat, the simplicity and dedicated functionality of an Embedded OS align with the product's requirements. Other options, such as a Workstation OS or Server OS, are designed for more complex tasks and user interactions, which are not necessary for a digital thermostat. A Mobile Device OS typically has more features than needed for a dedicated device like a thermostat and may require additional resources, making it less efficient for this purpose.

Markup languages are designed for the processing, definition, and presentation of text. They establish rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable. HTML is the standard markup language used to create web pages and it enables the structuring of content for web pages using elements such as paragraphs, lists, and tables.

A patent is a legal document granted by the government that gives an inventor the exclusive right to make, use, sell, or license an invention for a certain number of years. Patents are crucial in protecting innovative IT products and processes, ensuring that inventors can benefit from their creations without unauthorized copying or use by others. A software license does not grant protection to innovators but allows users to utilize the software. Trademarks protect brand names and logos, not inventions. Copyrights protect the expression of ideas, not the functional aspect of inventions.

A purchase receipt serves as a formal acknowledgment of the transaction that has taken place. It provides proof that the company acquired the software license, which is essential for non-repudiation. A user manual or the software itself does not serve as proof of purchase. An assurance from the department head might indicate the purchase happened, but unlike a receipt, it's not a solid piece of evidence that auditors typically rely on.

The correct answer is true. It is important to change the default password on a wireless router because manufacturers often use generic passwords that can be easily found online by malicious individuals. By changing the default password to a strong, unique one, you greatly enhance the security of the network. Leaving the password as the default one can make the router a target for unauthorized access and potential attacks.

A function in programming is a set of instructions that performs a specific task and can be reused throughout the program. It helps to organize code, making it more modular and easier to maintain. A function typically takes input, processes it, and returns an output. The option 'A block of code designed to perform a particular task, which can be executed when the function is called' is the best answer because it encapsulates the essence of what a function is within programming. The incorrect options describe aspects that may be related to functions (like variables and looping) but do not accurately define the primary purpose and use of a function.

A Server Operating System is specially designed to manage network resources, databases, and multiple user access. It provides robust security, data integrity, and can handle high-performance tasks which are essential for running enterprise-level applications and services.

Permissions control who can read, write, or execute a file. They are important as they help protect sensitive information and ensure that only authorized users can make changes. On the other hand, options like 'location storage' do not influence user access, while' encryption' pertains to securing data rather than managing access. 'File extension' denotes the type of file rather than permissions associated with it.

The system that translates a website's name to an IP address is called DNS, not packet transmission. Packet transmission refers to the process of sending and receiving data in packets over a network. DNS, on the other hand, acts like a phone book for the internet by translating domain names that are easy for humans to remember into IP addresses that computers need to access internet resources.

The correct approach involves analyzing historical sales data to identify trends and patterns. This method helps the company detect which products are popular at specific times, leading to better merchandising and promotions. Other options like guessing or using unrelated data do not provide accurate insights and could lead to misguided strategies.

A workstation is a powerful computer designed for technical or scientific applications. Workstations are typically used by one person at a time but are more powerful than a standard desktop computer, capable of handling complex tasks such as graphic design, 3-D modeling, and intensive computational processes. The incorrect options describe other types of computing devices, not a workstation. Mobile phones and tablets are portable devices with less computational power and are generally used for communication and entertainment, while servers are powerful machines that serve data to other computers on a network.

Single Sign-On (SSO) allows users to authenticate once and gain access to multiple services without needing to log in repeatedly. This increases productivity and user satisfaction by streamlining access to authorized resources. LDAP, while used for managing user information, is not specifically a single login solution. Kerberos is a network authentication protocol designed to provide strong authentication for client/server applications but does not, by itself, provide the full SSO user experience. A password manager assists in creating and storing strong passwords but does not enable unified access to multiple services with a single authentication event like SSO does.