CompTIA Tech+ Practice Test (FC0-U71)

The 802.11ac standard is the most appropriate upgrade from 802.11g, as it provides significantly higher speeds and improved range. The 802.11ac operates on the 5GHz band, which has less interference compared to the 2.4GHz band used by 802.11g. The 802.11n standard also operates on 5GHz, providing better speed and range than 802.11g, but 802.11ac is superior to 802.11n in terms of overall performance. The 802.11a and 802.11b standards are outdated and would not offer the necessary improvements. The 802.11ax standard, also known as Wi-Fi 6, offers even better performance than 802.11ac but wasn't an option provided in the answer choices.

The correct answer is compression, which is a method used to reduce the size of files, making them occupy less space on a disk. This is particularly useful for saving storage space and can aid in quicker transmission of files. The other options, such as encryption, deal with securing data rather than reducing its size.

A workstation is a powerful computer designed for technical or scientific applications. Workstations are typically used by one person at a time but are more powerful than a standard desktop computer, capable of handling complex tasks such as graphic design, 3-D modeling, and intensive computational processes. The incorrect options describe other types of computing devices, not a workstation. Mobile phones and tablets are portable devices with less computational power and are generally used for communication and entertainment, while servers are powerful machines that serve data to other computers on a network.

An attribute of an object is used to store data specific to that object. In this case, a unique code that identifies a project among others would be stored as an attribute of the 'Project' object. This would allow each 'Project' instance to have its own identification code. On the other hand, methods are used to define actions or behaviors of an object, not to store unique data.

Visual diagramming software is designed to help users create graphical representations of information. Lucidchart is an example of this type of software because it allows users to create a variety of diagrams, including flowcharts and organizational charts, which can be used for planning and illustrating processes or systems.

Correctly setting up a strong password is essential to prevent unauthorized access to the device. Choosing a strong password will make it difficult for anyone other than the authorized user to gain access. The other options listed either do not directly contribute to securing the system (like organizing desktop icons), are too advanced for a typical user to do themselves (like configuring a host firewall), or are not immediately necessary after setting up a new workstation (like scheduling regular data backups, which is more about maintaining data availability).

.xlsx is the default Office Open XML workbook format used by Microsoft Excel starting with Office 2007 and remains the standard in current versions. The .xls extension represents the older binary Excel format (Excel 97-2003), .csv is a plain-text comma-separated values file that many programs-including Excel-can open, and .ods belongs to the OpenDocument spreadsheet format used by LibreOffice and similar suites; none of these three identifies the modern native Excel workbook format.

In computing, the execution of such a function where data is manipulated to produce a result is known as processing. This is one of the basic operations a computer performs after receiving input (the numbers you want to add) before delivering an output (the sum of those numbers).

Using an unencrypted or unauthenticated file-sharing service means the document could be intercepted while in transit or accessed in the cloud by anyone who discovers the link or compromises the account. Preventing unauthorized disclosure protects confidentiality and helps you avoid identity theft, regulatory penalties, and reputational damage. Performance considerations such as speed or storage are secondary and do not address the core security risk, so those responses are incorrect.

In most instant messaging applications, the 'status visibility' or 'presence feature' controls whether you can see if your contacts are online, busy, or away. If an employee cannot see their colleagues' statuses, they should first check if this feature is enabled in their application settings. The other options provided do not primarily affect the visibility of user statuses in the context of instant messaging software.

Password expiration is the practice of setting a finite period after which a password must be changed. This is important to reduce the risk of a compromised password being used indefinitely by an unauthorized user. A 'Non-expiring password' is not recommended as it could potentially provide ongoing access if compromised. 'Password recovery' is a process to regain access when a password is forgotten, not a method of expiration. Lastly, 'Password storage' is about how passwords are kept, which is unrelated to how often they should be changed.

A service within an operating system is a program that runs in the background and performs tasks that do not require user interaction. These tasks often include system operations and maintenance functions, which help ensure the operating system runs smoothly.

The correct answer is GHz, which stands for gigahertz. It is the unit of frequency equivalent to one billion cycles per second and is commonly used to express the clock speed of CPUs. It indicates how many cycles a CPU can perform in a second, which relates to its overall performance. KB is a unit of storage capacity, not speed. Gbps measures data transfer rates for networks, not CPU speed. RPM is used for rotational speeds, such as in motors and hard disk drives, not for CPU clock speeds.

Compiled programming languages convert source code into machine code that the computer can execute, resulting in faster program performance compared to interpreted languages that run code line-by-line. This efficiency makes compiled languages suitable for performance-sensitive applications. The other options incorrectly describe other execution methods or limit capabilities inappropriately.

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the correct answer because it is specifically designed to structure content on webpages using tags for headings, paragraphs, links, images, and more. XML is a flexible markup language intended primarily for storing and transporting data rather than rendering formatted web pages. CSS is a style sheet language that defines the presentation (layout, colors, fonts) of documents written in markup languages but is not itself a markup language. Java is a compiled, general-purpose programming language and is not used for markup or document structuring.

Scripting languages are typically used for writing programs to automate processes and tasks that would otherwise be executed manually one by one. Compared to compiled languages, scripting languages are generally more accessible to beginners and are executed at runtime, which can simplify and speed up the development of such automation scripts.

Multifactor authentication requires two or more different forms of verification to authenticate the user. Having multiple factors enhances security by combining something the user knows, has, or is, making it much harder for unauthorized users to gain access. An example of this could be combining a password (something you know) with a fingerprint scan (something you are) or with a physical token (something you have). Single-factor authentication involves only one kind of credential, which is not as secure as multifactor. Personality verification isn't commonly recognized as a standard factor for secure authentication. Continuous authentication could involve multifactor methods but is specifically a process of ongoing authentication rather than being an authentication factor itself.

In many programming languages, identifiers, which include variable and function names, must start with a letter or an underscore. They cannot begin with a number, and though they can contain numbers, the first character must not be a number. Additionally, spaces are not allowed in identifiers; instead, underscores are often used to separate words.

The correct answer is a driver, which is a specialized program that facilitates communication between the operating system and hardware devices. Without drivers, the OS wouldn't be able to control hardware components effectively. Other options, such as utilities and services, play different roles in system management but do not directly serve as a bridge between the OS and hardware.

A man-in-the-middle attack occurs when an attacker inserts themselves in the communication pathway between two parties without their knowledge. This allows the attacker to intercept, send, and receive data meant for someone else, thus compromising the integrity of the data being exchanged. It is crucial to identify this type of attack to take preventive measures and secure communication channels.