CompTIA ITF+ Practice Test (FC0-U61)

WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access 2) is a security standard that provides strong encryption for wireless networks and is the most widely used secure protocol today. It replaced the older and less secure WPA and WEP standards by mandating the use of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), which is much stronger than the protocols used by its predecessors. For modern networks, WPA2 is the minimum security standard that should be implemented.

Activating a failover database server ensures that financial transactions can continue processing with minimal downtime during a primary database server's hardware failure. Failover servers are typically synchronized and ready to take over immediately, providing near-seamless continuity. While restoring from backups is a valid recovery option, it may not support immediate transaction continuity and could result in the loss of transactions that occurred after the last backup. Requesting technical assistance and performing diagnostics are both proactive measures for resolving the issue, but they will not ensure the continuation of financial transactions during the interim period.

A markup language is used to annotate text, which indicates how the text should be structured, laid out, or styled. HTML is an example of a markup language that structures and styles content on the web. Unlike programming languages that contain instructions for computations, markup languages are designed to define the presentation of the text. Scripting languages, on the other hand, are typically used for automating tasks within a system or application, and high-level languages are used for general-purpose programming.

The most comprehensive strategy to protect business data is to use a hybrid approach, storing backups both on-site and off-site. On-site backups allow for quick restoration of data in common scenarios like file corruption or accidental deletion. Off-site backups are crucial for disaster recovery, ensuring data is safe if a catastrophe like a fire or flood destroys the main office and any on-site backups. This combined approach is often formalized as the '3-2-1 rule' and provides the best balance of rapid recovery and resilience against major disasters.

The correct answer is '.xlsx' because it is the default file extension used by Microsoft Excel for a spreadsheet document since Office 2007. The other options are incorrect as '.docx' is commonly associated with Microsoft Word documents, '.jpeg' is used for image files, and '.mp3' pertains to audio files.

While browsing the Internet, it is important to understand that there is a lower expectation of privacy, particularly on public websites. Browsing activities can be tracked by cookies, and information might be collected by website owners or third parties. Encrypted connections offer more privacy, but overall, users should not expect complete privacy on the Internet.

Changing default passwords is a fundamental security practice to prevent unauthorized access. Default passwords can often be easily found online and are one of the first things attackers try when attempting to gain access to a system. Enabling firewalls and scheduling regular backups are important security measures but do not directly address the issue of preventing unauthorized access as effectively as changing default passwords. Manual patch verification is a part of maintaining security but is not specifically a measure to secure a new workstation against unauthorized access.

Mbps stands for megabits per second. It expresses a data-transfer rate-how many millions of bits can move across the network each second. Internet service providers usually advertise bandwidth in Mbps. Do not confuse it with MBps (uppercase "B"), which is megabytes per second and represents the same kind of rate but in bytes rather than bits (1 MBps ≈ 8 Mbps). The other answer choices use the wrong unit symbol or mix unrelated time measurements, so they do not accurately match the abbreviation.

Upgrading the RAM (Random Access Memory) can improve a computer's performance, especially when running multiple programs simultaneously, because it increases the amount of information that can be held in fast-access memory. More RAM allows for more processes to be run smoothly without having to swap data to and from slower storage solutions, like hard drives or SSDs. The CPU wouldn't necessarily directly increase multitasking capabilities, and the GPU mainly enhances graphic processing. A cooling system improves heat dissipation but does not impact the amount of data that can be actively processed.

Using HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure) is the best practice for ensuring data is securely transmitted over the Internet. HTTPS encrypts all data exchanged between the user's browser and the website, providing a layer of security against eavesdropping and tampering. Email can be encrypted, but it often relies on additional configuration and may not be in use by all email services. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) does not inherently encrypt data, making it vulnerable to interception. VPN (Virtual Private Network) also provides secure data transmission but is typically used for accessing private networks securely rather than general Internet browsing.

A man-in-the-middle attack involves an attacker secretly intercepting and possibly altering the communication between two parties who believe they are directly communicating with each other. This can lead to data being compromised or altered, directly impacting its integrity. The other options provided are forms of attacks or malicious activities, but they do not specifically match the description of an intermediary intercepting and modifying the communication between two entities.

Random-access memory (RAM) is a type of volatile memory that functions as the computer's primary 'working' memory. It is designed for extremely high-speed, low-latency data access, allowing the CPU to retrieve and process data quickly. While solid-state drives (SSDs) are much faster than traditional hard disk drives (HDDs), they are non-volatile storage devices and are significantly slower than RAM. Read-only memory (ROM) is primarily used for firmware and is not designed for the high-speed read/write operations that RAM performs.

A relational database is a type of database that organizes data into tables. Each table is made up of rows, also known as records, which represent individual entries, and columns, also known as fields, which represent the attributes of those entries. Primary keys uniquely identify each row in a table, and foreign keys are used to establish relationships between different tables. This structure allows for organized data storage, efficient querying, and the ability to maintain data integrity. In contrast, key/value databases store data in simple key-value pairs, and document databases store data in flexible, document-like structures such as JSON.

A single-use software license typically grants the right to install and use the software on only one computer. Sharing the license with coworkers or installing it for use on multiple machines would violate this type of agreement. While some modern subscription-based licenses may permit installation on a secondary device for the same user, the standard single-use model is one license per machine. Making and selling copies of the software is a copyright violation.

The purpose of a decision symbol is to split the control flow based on the result of a binary test, so two arrows leave the diamond-one labeled Yes/True and the other No/False. If a problem requires more than two possible outcomes, the flow should generally be decomposed into additional decision symbols rather than adding extra exits to a single diamond.