You are building a laboratory environment in which a KVM virtual machine (L1) must itself host additional KVM guests (L2). On the physical host (L0) you have verified that nested virtualization is enabled because the command cat /sys/module/kvm_intel/parameters/nested returns Y. However, inside the L1 guest the command grep -cw vmx /proc/cpuinfo returns 0, and attempts to start nested guests fail with the error "hardware virtualization unavailable."
Which change to the L1 VM's definition or launch parameters is most likely to allow nested virtualization to succeed?
Configure the L1 VM to use CPU mode host-passthrough (or add the +vmx/+svm flag) so the virtualization extensions are exposed to the guest.
Increase the L1 VM's vCPU count to two or more and enable CPU hot-plug.
Append the kernel parameter intel_iommu=on to the L1 guest to enable IOMMU support.
Change the L1 VM's virtual disk from VirtIO-blk to an IDE emulated disk.
Even though the L0 kernel module has nested virtualization enabled, QEMU's default virtual CPU (qemu64) that libvirt presents to a guest hides the VMX (Intel) or SVM (AMD) feature bits. Without those bits, the kvm_intel or kvm_amd module inside the L1 guest refuses to load, and no additional guests (L2) can be started. Selecting CPU mode host-passthrough (or explicitly adding the +vmx or +svm feature) exposes the host's virtualization extensions to the L1 guest, after which /proc/cpuinfo shows the required flag and nested virtualization works. Kernel IOMMU parameters, the number of vCPUs, or the choice of virtual disk bus do not affect whether the VMX/SVM flag is visible, so those changes will not resolve the problem.
Ask Bash
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What does 'host-passthrough' mean in KVM virtualization?
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Why does 'qemu64' by default hide VMX/SVM flags?
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How does adding '+vmx' or '+svm' achieve the same effect as 'host-passthrough'?
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CompTIA Linux+ XK0-006 (V8)
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