While investigating why a Linux web server suddenly went offline, you run the following commands:
$ ip link show enp0s25 2: enp0s25: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:1a:4a:11:22:33 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
$ sudo ethtool enp0s25 | grep 'Link detected' Link detected: no
The interface was not administratively shut down, and its IPv4 settings were unchanged.
Which of the following is the most likely cause of the link-down condition?
A firewall rule is dropping outbound traffic on the interface.
The interface has an incorrect IP address for its subnet.
The Ethernet cable is unplugged or the connected switch port is disabled.
The interface MTU is set higher than the switch supports.
The ip link output shows the interface in the administrative UP state but marked NO-CARRIER and operstate DOWN. NO-CARRIER (or the related operstate LOWERLAYERDOWN) is reported by the network driver when it does not sense an electrical carrier from the far end of the connection. The matching ethtool line "Link detected: no" confirms that the physical layer is not established. Problems at higher layers-such as an incorrect IP address, firewall rule, or mismatched MTU-do not remove the carrier signal and therefore would not change these flags. The most credible explanation is that the Ethernet cable is unplugged, damaged, or the connected switch port is powered off or disabled, preventing the NIC from detecting link.
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What does NO-CARRIER mean in Linux networking?
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What does the `ethtool` command do in Linux?
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How does a NIC detect and establish a physical link?
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CompTIA Linux+ XK0-006 (V8)
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