In a mixed automation workflow, you provision infrastructure with OpenTofu and occasionally run one-off Ansible ad-hoc commands such as:
ansible webservers -m yum -a 'name=httpd state=latest'
After accidentally deleting the file terraform.tfstate, OpenTofu is unable to calculate a new plan, but the Ansible command still executes successfully. What fundamental difference in the way the two tools manage state explains this behavior?
OpenTofu keeps a persistent state file to record the resources it manages, whereas Ansible ad-hoc commands evaluate the hosts on each run and do not maintain a separate state file.
Deleting terraform.tfstate removed the SSH keys required by OpenTofu, whereas Ansible uses HTTPS instead of SSH and therefore continued to work.
Both tools rely on state files, but OpenTofu stores its state remotely by default and Ansible locally, so only OpenTofu was affected when the local file was removed.
OpenTofu discards resource metadata after every apply, while Ansible stores host state in /var/lib/ansible/state.json and reloads it on the next run.
OpenTofu maintains a persistent state file (terraform.tfstate) that records the last known attributes of every managed resource. During a new run, it must read that file to determine what-if anything-needs to change; if the file is missing, OpenTofu cannot reconcile desired versus actual infrastructure and therefore fails.
Ansible ad-hoc commands (and most playbook tasks) do not rely on any external state database. Each time a command runs, Ansible connects to the target hosts, gathers facts if required, and applies idempotent modules based on the current condition it finds. Because no separate state file is referenced, deleting terraform.tfstate has no impact on the ad-hoc command's ability to execute.
The difference highlights why OpenTofu is well-suited for declarative Infrastructure as Code that needs historical tracking and locking, whereas Ansible is typically used for stateless configuration tasks performed directly against live systems.
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