A teammate asks which OpenTofu component is responsible for creating and updating the serial and lineage values so that commands such as tofu state push can detect conflicting histories and stop unsafe overwrites. Which component performs that function?
Provider (the plug-in that exposes AWS, Azure, or other services)
State (the JSON snapshot that OpenTofu maintains for the deployment)
OpenTofu API layer (the underlying command interface used by the CLI)
Resource (the individual aws_instance, kubernetes_pod, and similar blocks)
The OpenTofu state file is the single source of truth that maps configuration to real-world objects and carries metadata used for safety checks. When the state is first created OpenTofu assigns it a unique lineage value; on every successful change it increments the serial counter. Commands like tofu state push compare these fields to the destination snapshot and refuse the operation if the lineage differs or the remote serial is higher. Provider plugins and individual resource blocks have no global view of the overall deployment and therefore do not generate or track lineage or serial numbers. The CLI's low-level API simply exposes command functionality and likewise does not persist this metadata. Because only the state component maintains these fields, choosing State is correct while the other options are incorrect.
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What is the purpose of the **lineage** value in the OpenTofu state file?
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How does the **serial** value in the OpenTofu state file get updated?
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Why can't providers or resource blocks track **serial** and **lineage** values in OpenTofu?
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