Developers need to use their local SQL client to access a PostgreSQL instance that is bound to 127.0.0.1:5432 on dbserver.example.com. Only the SSH service (TCP 22) is reachable on that host. Each developer will start a tunnel from their workstation and then point the client at localhost:15432 while the tunnel is active. Which single SSH command, issued on the developer workstation, correctly creates the required tunnel and stays in the foreground for troubleshooting?
The task calls for local port forwarding: a socket must listen on the developer workstation (port 15432) and forward every connection through the secure SSH channel to 127.0.0.1:5432 on the remote server. The -L option implements this in the form -L local_port:remote_host:remote_port. Therefore the command with -L 15432:localhost:5432 and the correct user and host establishes the tunnel. The -R flag would create the opposite (remote) direction, -D starts a SOCKS proxy and does not accept host:port arguments, and placing the remote host name before the local port misuses the bind_address field, so those alternatives fail to satisfy the requirement.
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What is local port forwarding in SSH?
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How does the `-L` option differ from the `-R` option in SSH?
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What is the purpose of specifying `localhost` in port forwarding?
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