The until loop continues to execute while its test expression evaluates to false. The expression (( value++ >= limit )) uses the post-increment operator, so it returns the original value of value before incrementing it.
Execution sequence:
value is 0. Test returns 0 >= 3 (false) β loop runs; value is now 1; prints 1.
value is 1. Test returns 1 >= 3 (false) β loop runs; value becomes 2; prints 2.
value is 2. Test returns 2 >= 3 (false) β loop runs; value becomes 3; prints 3.
value is 3. Test returns 3 >= 3 (true) β loop stops; body does not run again.
After the loop, the final echo adds a newline. Therefore the output is:
1 2 3
(The trailing space before the newline is produced by printf "%d ".)
Incorrect options either start counting at 0, overshoot to 4, or mis-identify the loop as infinite.
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CompTIA Linux+ XK0-006 (V8)
Automation, Orchestration, and Scripting
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