The Dockerfile sets an exec-form ENTRYPOINT, meaning the first element ("/usr/local/bin/backup") is always used as the container's executable. The CMD array supplies default arguments, but when extra parameters are added after the image name in docker run, those parameters replace the CMD list while leaving ENTRYPOINT untouched. Therefore --dry-run becomes the only argument that follows the ENTRYPOINT, producing the final command:
/usr/local/bin/backup --dry-run
The other options are incorrect because:
They still include CMD's default --target /data --compress values, which are overridden when any arguments are supplied at runtime.
Omitting --dry-run (or adding extra defaults) does not reflect Docker's documented behavior for exec-form ENTRYPOINT + CMD interaction.
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CompTIA Linux+ XK0-006 (V8)
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