A system administrator sets the default umask for a user to 0027. If the user creates a new file and a new directory, what will be their octal permissions?
Directory: 750, File: 640
Directory: 750, File: 750
Directory: 755, File: 644
Directory: 777, File: 666
The correct answer is that the directory will have 750 permissions and the file will have 640 permissions.
The umask utility works by removing permissions from the system's default values when a new file or directory is created. In Linux, the default permission for a new directory is 777 (rwxrwxrwx), and the default for a new file is 666 (rw-rw-rw-).
To find the resulting permissions, the umask value is subtracted from the default value for each type:
Directory Calculation: 777 (default) - 027 (umask) = 750
7 (rwx) - 0 = 7 (rwx)7 (rwx) - 2 (w) = 5 (r-x)7 (rwx) - 7 (rwx) = 0 (---)rwxr-x--- or 750File Calculation: 666 (default) - 027 (umask) = 640
6 (rw-) - 0 = 6 (rw-)6 (rw-) - 2 (w) = 4 (r--)6 (rw-) - 7 (rwx) = 0 (---) (Since write and execute are already 0 for 'other', only read is removed, but the subtraction still results in 0)rw-r----- or 640The other options are incorrect because they result from common mistakes, such as using the wrong default values or applying the mask incorrectly.
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