Tableau lets you specify a geographic role so it can automatically generate latitude and longitude and plot values. You do this directly from the field: right-click the field in the Data pane, choose Geographic Role, and then select the appropriate role such as State/Province. Choosing options under Default Properties, changing the data type icon, or simply dragging the field onto a shelf does not set a geographic role, so those actions will not enable mapping or produce the generated latitude and longitude fields.
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