When conducting a penetration test in an environment where only some details about the target are known to the tester beforehand, what type of environment is this referred to as?
Known Environment
Unknown Environment
Reconnaissance
Partially Known Environment
A 'Partially Known Environment,' also called a gray-box test, is one where the penetration tester has some information about the target system, such as network diagrams or configurations, but does not have complete knowledge. This approach mimics a scenario where an attacker might have some insider knowledge. In contrast, an 'Unknown Environment' (black-box test) implies the tester has no prior knowledge of the system. A 'Known Environment' (white-box test) is when the tester has full knowledge of the system, including source code and architecture documents. 'Reconnaissance' is not an environment type but a phase of penetration testing focused on information gathering.
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