What type of security threat occurs when an attacker manipulates file-referencing variables with sequences like ../ to access files and commands located outside the web server's intended root folder?
Cross-site scripting
Buffer overflow
Directory traversal
SQL injection
A directory traversal attack, also known as path traversal, involves an attacker manipulating variables that reference files with dot-dot-slash (../) sequences to access restricted directories. This can lead to unauthorized viewing of sensitive files or execution of commands located outside of the web server's document root directory. SQL injection targets databases, buffer overflows target memory allocation, and cross-site scripting involves injecting malicious scripts into websites for users to execute; none of these match the described threat.
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