Embedded systems are most often characterized by having a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system. They are typically designed to perform their assigned tasks in real-time, operating on fixed hardware constraints with specific requirements. Unlike general-purpose computers, which can perform a wide range of tasks, embedded systems are optimized for specific, pre-defined tasks and often have limited resources and computing power. This specialization in function distinguishes them from multi-purpose devices that can be updated or repurposed.