A 'something you know' factor is an authentication method based on information that is memorized and provided by the user. A passphrase is a multi-word form of a password and falls under this category. In contrast, a biometric pattern, such as a retina scan, is 'something you are,' and a USB security key is 'something you have.' GPS location data would be categorized under 'somewhere you are,' as it provides information on the user's geographical location.
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What are the different types of authentication factors?
What is a passphrase, and how does it differ from a password?
What are some examples of 'something you are' authentication methods?