A systems administrator is implementing a new authentication policy that requires users to provide their password and a six-digit code from a hardware token. Which of the following security concepts does this scenario BEST describe?
Single sign-on
Authorization
Multifactor authentication
Biometric authentication
The correct option is multifactor authentication (MFA). MFA enhances security by requiring two or more different authentication factors to verify a user's identity. In this scenario, the password is 'something you know', and the hardware token is 'something you have'. Combining these two factors from different categories fulfills the requirement for MFA. Single sign-on (SSO) is an authentication scheme that allows a user to log in with a single set of credentials to access multiple applications. Biometric authentication uses unique physical characteristics like fingerprints or facial scans ('something you are'). Authorization is the process of granting or denying access to resources after a user has been successfully authenticated.
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