The statement is incorrect. Attribution in cybersecurity is complex and often manipulated. Adversaries may intentionally include false flags—linguistic, cultural, or coding markers associated with a particular nation-state or group—to mislead investigators and redirect blame. Such tactics aim to conceal the true origins of the attack, make attribution challenging, and can result in incorrect accusations of espionage against a nation-state or group. Therefore, while linguistic and cultural markers in attack code may be indicative, they are not conclusive evidence of espionage by a specific nation-state without corroborative intelligence.