Answer Description

Least privilege or the Principal of Least Privilege is a concept in IT security that determines user access to resources based on what is required by their job role or function. For example an HR employee would have access to HR systems and things like salary data, but not to an unrelated system or dataset such as a logistics and warehousing system. Least privilege limits the blast radius of bad actors and social engineering because users have the least amount of access possible.

Wikipedia

In information security, computer science, and other fields, the principle of least privilege (PoLP), also known as the principle of minimal privilege (PoMP) or the principle of least authority (PoLA), requires that in a particular abstraction layer of a computing environment, every module (such as a process, a user, or a program, depending on the subject) must be able to access only the information and resources that are necessary for its legitimate purpose.