What type of backup is a copy of the entire state of a system and it can be used to restore that system and other similar systems to that exact state/configuration?
A system image is a copy of the entire state of a system. That image can be used as a way to restore the system it came from to that exact state or it can be copied onto other similar system to bring them all to a uniform state.
Wikipedia
In computing, a system image is a serialized copy of the entire state of a computer system stored in some non-volatile form such as a file. A system is said to be capable of using system images if it can be shut down and later restored to exactly the same state. In such cases, system images can be used for backup.
Hibernation is an example that uses an image of the entire machine's RAM.