Answer Description

Using a Hash or Hashing data converts information using a one way function. This means it cannot be converted back into it's original format. This is ideal for storing things like passwords so even if the list of hashed passwords is lost they cannot be easily "decrypted."

Wikipedia

A cryptographic hash function (CHF) is a hash algorithm (a map of an arbitrary binary string to a binary string with fixed size of n {\displaystyle n} bits) that has special properties desirable for a cryptographic application:the probability of a particular n {\displaystyle n} -bit output result (hash value) for a random input string ("message") is 2 − n {\displaystyle 2^{-n}} (as for any good hash), so the hash value can be used as a representative of the message; finding an input string that matches a given