AWS Certified CloudOps Engineer Associate SOA-C03 Practice Question

An e-commerce company stores about 3 TB of product images in a single Amazon S3 bucket. Each image is downloaded frequently during the first 30 days after upload and then is rarely read, but the business insists that every image remain instantly retrievable for at least 1 year. The CloudOps engineer must reduce storage cost automatically without modifying any application code or introducing new scheduled jobs while maintaining millisecond retrieval performance. Which solution meets these requirements MOST effectively?

Enable S3 Versioning and add a Lifecycle rule that permanently deletes previous object versions older than 30 days.
Schedule a daily AWS Glue job that copies images older than 30 days to a separate S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval bucket and deletes the originals.
Enable S3 Intelligent-Tiering on the bucket with both Archive Access and Deep Archive tiers activated so that Amazon S3 automatically moves objects into the cheapest tier over time.
Create an S3 Lifecycle rule that transitions objects to the S3 Standard-IA storage class 30 days after creation and expires them after 365 days.

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Answer Description

A lifecycle rule that moves objects to the S3 Standard-IA storage class 30 days after creation keeps the first 30 days of heavy traffic on the performance-optimized Standard class while automatically lowering cost afterward. Standard-IA retains the same single-digit-millisecond retrieval latency required by the business, and using an expiration action after 365 days satisfies the retention period with no application changes or ongoing maintenance.

Enabling Intelligent-Tiering with archive tiers would still provide millisecond performance only while objects stay in the frequent or infrequent access tiers; once moved to the Archive Access or Deep Archive tiers, retrieval takes minutes to hours and breaks the latency requirement. Turning on versioning and expiring older versions does not address the primary data set or reduce cost for infrequently accessed objects. Copying data to a Glacier Flexible Retrieval bucket adds operational overhead and introduces retrieval delays measured in minutes or hours, which is unacceptable for the instant-access requirement.

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