AWS Certified CloudOps Engineer Associate SOA-C03 Practice Question
A company stores sensitive financial reports in an Amazon S3 bucket. Compliance requires that every new object be encrypted at rest with a specific customer managed AWS KMS key. Any upload that does not use that key must be rejected immediately without manual review. As the CloudOps engineer, which approach meets the requirement while introducing the least operational overhead?
Create a bucket policy that denies s3:PutObject unless the request includes "s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption" set to "aws:kms" and "s3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id" that matches the CMK ARN.
Enable default bucket encryption using SSE-KMS with the required CMK so S3 automatically encrypts all objects.
Turn on Amazon S3 Block Public Access for the bucket to ensure only encrypted uploads are accepted.
Deploy the AWS Config rule "s3-bucket-server-side-encryption-enabled" with automatic remediation to enforce SSE-KMS on the bucket.
A bucket policy can evaluate the encryption headers of a PUT request before the object is accepted. By denying the operation unless the request includes both the SSE algorithm "aws:kms" and the exact KMS key ARN, S3 rejects any upload that tries to use SSE-S3, the wrong CMK, or no encryption at all. Enabling default encryption alone would still allow a caller to override the setting by specifying a different algorithm. Block Public Access addresses access control, not encryption. An AWS Config rule can detect non-compliant objects after the fact, but it cannot prevent their creation in real time and therefore does not satisfy the requirement to reject improper uploads.
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What is a bucket policy in Amazon S3?
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How does SSE-KMS encryption work in S3?
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What is the role of 's3:x-amz-server-side-encryption-aws-kms-key-id' in a PUT request?
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What is a bucket policy in Amazon S3?
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How does the 's3:x-amz-server-side-encryption' header enforce specific encryption methods?
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Why is default bucket encryption insufficient for rejecting improper uploads?
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AWS Certified CloudOps Engineer Associate SOA-C03
Security and Compliance
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