AWS Certified CloudOps Engineer Associate SOA-C03 Practice Question
A company runs a long-running scientific simulation on a single Amazon EC2 instance. The CloudWatch agent publishes a custom MemoryUtilization metric. If memory usage stays above 90 percent for 5 consecutive minutes, an existing Systems Manager Automation runbook must clear application caches on that same instance automatically, without manual intervention. Which approach meets these requirements with the least operational overhead?
Create a CloudWatch alarm for MemoryUtilization > 90 percent for 5 datapoints. Add an EventBridge rule that filters for the alarm's ALARM state and sets the existing Systems Manager Automation runbook as the target. Use an input transformer to pass the InstanceId from the event to the runbook.
Define a Systems Manager Maintenance Window that executes the cache-clearing runbook every 10 minutes, with a pre-task script that exits if memory usage is below 90 percent.
Create a CloudWatch alarm and an EventBridge rule that invokes an AWS Lambda function. The function reads the InstanceId from the event and calls StartAutomationExecution to run the cache-clearing runbook on that instance.
Place the instance in an Auto Scaling group with a step-scaling policy based on MemoryUtilization and use a lifecycle hook to run the cache-clearing runbook when the group scales out.
The most lightweight solution is to use Amazon EventBridge as the glue between the CloudWatch alarm and Systems Manager. A CloudWatch alarm for MemoryUtilization > 90 percent (5 data points) automatically emits a state-change event on the default event bus. A rule that matches the alarm's change to the ALARM state can target Systems Manager Automation directly. By adding an input transformer, the rule passes the InstanceId dimension from the event payload to the runbook's InstanceId parameter, ensuring that the cache-clearing automation runs only on the affected instance. No Lambda functions, Auto Scaling groups, or Maintenance Windows are required.
A Lambda-based approach functions correctly but adds an extra service to build, secure, and maintain. Auto Scaling and Maintenance Windows either perform the wrong remediation or run on a schedule regardless of the metric state. CloudWatch alarm EC2 actions cannot invoke Automation documents, so they do not satisfy the requirement.
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AWS Certified CloudOps Engineer Associate SOA-C03
Monitoring, Logging, Analysis, Remediation, and Performance Optimization
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