An administrator is configuring a new Windows Server that will reside in the corporate subnet 10.35.96.0/20 (mask 255.255.240.0). Company policy specifies that the default gateway must be the first usable address in the subnet and that static server addresses must be taken from the highest usable portion of that same subnet. Which IPv4 address and gateway combination satisfies the policy while remaining valid within the subnet?
IPv4 address 10.35.96.254/20 with default gateway 10.35.96.1
IPv4 address 10.35.112.254/20 with default gateway 10.35.112.1
IPv4 address 10.35.111.1/20 with default gateway 10.35.111.254
IPv4 address 10.35.111.254/20 with default gateway 10.35.96.1
With a /20 prefix the third-octet block size is 16, so the subnet that starts at 10.35.96.0 ends at 10.35.111.255. The first usable address is therefore 10.35.96.1 and the last usable address is 10.35.111.254. Assigning 10.35.111.254/20 to the server and 10.35.96.1 as its gateway meets both requirements. A configuration that uses 10.35.96.254 still falls within the subnet but is not from the highest usable range. A configuration that uses 10.35.112.254 is outside the subnet altogether, and a configuration that sets the gateway to 10.35.111.254 reverses the required address roles.
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