AWS Certified Solutions Architect Professional SAP-C02 Practice Question
A media company runs a large-scale video processing application on a fleet of Linux-based Amazon EC2 instances. The application uses a self-managed NFS cluster on EC2 for shared storage, which is becoming a performance bottleneck and is operationally intensive. The company wants to modernize the storage layer to a managed service that is scalable, resilient, and cost-efficient. The solution must provide a shared, POSIX-compliant file system that can be concurrently accessed by hundreds of EC2 instances. A key requirement is to automatically reduce storage costs for processed files that are accessed less frequently. The workload is unpredictable, with periods of high and low activity. Which AWS storage solution should a solutions architect recommend to meet all these requirements?
Deploy an AWS Storage Gateway with a File Gateway endpoint running on an EC2 instance, using an S3 bucket as the storage backend.
Create an Amazon EFS file system with Elastic Throughput mode and configure an EFS Lifecycle Policy.
Configure an Amazon S3 bucket with the S3 Intelligent-Tiering storage class and refactor the application to use the S3 API.
Deploy an Amazon FSx for Lustre file system linked to an Amazon S3 bucket for long-term storage.
The correct solution is Amazon EFS with Elastic Throughput and an EFS Lifecycle Policy. Amazon EFS is a fully managed, scalable, POSIX-compliant file system that allows concurrent access from thousands of EC2 instances. The Elastic Throughput mode is ideal for spiky and unpredictable workloads as it automatically scales throughput performance to meet application needs, and you pay only for the throughput used. An EFS Lifecycle Policy can be configured to automatically and transparently move files that have not been accessed for a specific period to the cost-optimized EFS Infrequent Access (EFS IA) storage class, directly addressing the cost-saving requirement for less frequently accessed files.
Amazon S3 with S3 Intelligent-Tiering is incorrect because S3 is an object storage service, not a POSIX-compliant file system. Migrating to S3 would require a significant application re-architecture to use S3 APIs instead of standard file system calls, which the company wants to avoid.
Amazon FSx for Lustre is incorrect because it is optimized for high-performance computing (HPC) and short-term, data-intensive processing workloads. While it is a high-performance POSIX-compliant file system, it is not the most cost-effective solution for general-purpose workloads with a requirement to tier down infrequently accessed data for long-term storage. EFS is better suited for this mixed-access pattern and broad range of use cases.
AWS Storage Gateway using a File Gateway is incorrect because it is primarily designed for hybrid cloud scenarios to provide on-premises applications with access to AWS storage. Deploying a File Gateway on EC2 for a cloud-native workload adds unnecessary complexity and an extra layer of infrastructure (the gateway itself) compared to using the native EFS service, which is purpose-built for this use case.
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