AWS Certified Solutions Architect Professional SAP-C02 Practice Question
A financial analytics company runs a nightly data processing job on an Amazon EMR cluster. The job must complete within a strict 6-hour window. The cluster's task nodes are currently configured as a uniform instance group using a single, large Spot Instance type to minimize costs. Recently, the company has experienced frequent failures in launching a sufficient number of task nodes due to a lack of Spot capacity for that specific instance type, causing critical job delays. A solutions architect needs to design a more resilient and performant provisioning strategy for the task nodes while still optimizing for cost. Which approach should the architect recommend?
Create an EC2 Auto Scaling group for the task nodes using a launch template for the Spot Instance type. Configure a scheduled scaling policy to increase the desired capacity before the job starts.
Switch the task nodes to use On-Demand Instances of the same instance type. Create a CloudWatch alarm that triggers a notification if the job duration exceeds 5 hours.
Configure the task nodes as an Instance Fleet with a single instance type. Purchase Spot Instance reservations for that specific instance type and Availability Zone to guarantee capacity.
Configure the task nodes as an Instance Fleet. Define a list of multiple instance types with similar vCPU and memory characteristics and use the capacity-optimized allocation strategy for Spot Instances.
The correct answer is to configure the task nodes as an Instance Fleet with multiple instance types and use the capacity-optimized allocation strategy. Instance Fleets in Amazon EMR are designed to improve provisioning reliability by allowing you to specify multiple instance types for a single fleet. This diversifies the Spot capacity pools that EMR can request instances from, significantly increasing the chances of acquiring the required capacity. The capacity-optimized allocation strategy instructs EMR to automatically launch instances from the Spot Instance pools with the most available capacity, which is the best strategy for workloads that need to be completed and have a high cost of interruption.
Using On-Demand Instances would solve the capacity issue but would fail to meet the requirement of optimizing for cost. Creating an Auto Scaling group with a single instance type does not solve the root problem, which is the lack of availability for that specific Spot Instance pool. The concept of 'Spot Instance reservations' does not exist; Spot capacity can never be guaranteed. While zonal Reserved Instances can provide a capacity reservation, this applies to On-Demand Instances, not Spot Instances.
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