A client, operating a multinational corporation, requires a penetration test for their network infrastructure. However, due to strict data sovereignty laws, they insist that any discovered data must not leave the country of origin. The penetration test is to be performed remotely from your location in another country. Which of the following approaches would BEST align with the client's data sovereignty restrictions?
Limit the scope to include only the testing of public-facing services to avoid data sovereignty complications
Utilize a jump box located within the client's country to conduct tests and analyze results
Encrypting all test results to prevent unauthorized access while transmitting data back to your location
Instantiating a VPN to the client's network to ensure a secure connection for testing
The correct answer is 'Utilize a jump box located within the client's country to conduct tests and analyze results,' because it addresses the data sovereignty issue by ensuring that any testing and resulting data remain within the country, adhering to local laws while still allowing the penetration tester to perform their duties from a remote location. Instantiating a VPN would not ensure compliance with data sovereignty as the data might transit through other jurisdictions. Encrypting all test results has merit for securing the data but doesn't prevent data from leaving the country. Testing only public-facing services may still risk violating data sovereignty laws if any resulting data is stored or analyzed outside the target country.
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What is a jump box and how does it work in penetration testing?
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Why is using a VPN not sufficient for complying with data sovereignty laws?