A nurse is teaching a first-time pregnant client about nutrition during pregnancy. Which nutrient is most important to help prevent neural tube defects in the developing fetus?
Protein
Iron
Folic acid
Calcium
Folic acid is a B-vitamin that plays a critical role in preventing neural tube defects, such as spina bifida, by supporting proper neural tube closure in the early stages of fetal development. It is recommended that women of childbearing age consume adequate folic acid before and during pregnancy. While iron and calcium are also important for pregnancy to support hemoglobin production and bone health, respectively, they do not have the specific role of preventing neural tube defects. Protein is vital for overall fetal growth but is not directly related to neural tube defect prevention.
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