In a product liability lawsuit, the plaintiff proffers a materials scientist to testify about the failure rate of a specific alloy used in the defendant's product. The defendant objects, arguing that this is not a proper subject for expert testimony. Which of the following principles provides the strongest basis for the court to admit the scientist's testimony?
The testimony is admissible even if it embraces an ultimate issue, such as the cause of the product's failure.
The expert's opinion is based on facts and data of a type reasonably relied upon by experts in the field.
The testimony involves scientific or technical knowledge that will help the jury understand a key fact in issue.
The expert is qualified by her specialized knowledge, skill, and education as a materials scientist.
Under Federal Rule of Evidence (FRE) 702(a), the primary consideration for the proper subject matter of expert testimony is whether the expert's 'scientific, technical, or other specialized knowledge will help the trier of fact to understand the evidence or to determine a fact in issue'. The failure rate of a specific alloy is a technical matter beyond the common knowledge of a typical juror, and an expert's testimony would help them understand this key evidence. While the expert must be qualified and the testimony must be based on reliable data, those are separate requirements for admissibility; the fundamental reason the subject itself is appropriate for expert testimony is its helpfulness to the jury. The ability of an expert to testify on an ultimate issue under FRE 704 is an exception to a common-law prohibition, not the foundational basis for admissibility.
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