Which of the following options is the BEST choice for a high-speed data-center backbone requiring minimal signal loss over long distances?
Single-mode fiber
Coaxial cable
Twinaxial cable
Multimode fiber
Single-mode fiber is the best choice for high-speed data-center backbones over long distances because it transmits a single light mode through an extremely small core using laser light, resulting in minimal signal loss and very high bandwidth across kilometers of fiber. Multimode fiber uses LEDs or VCSELs and supports only short- to medium-distance links (typically up to a few hundred meters) due to modal dispersion. Coaxial cable is largely obsolete for modern backbones, topping out at legacy 10 Mb/s speeds and shorter distances. Twinaxial cable (Direct-Attach Copper) is economical for very-short-reach links-usually under 7-10 m-but lacks the reach and low attenuation needed for backbone runs.
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