During an ARP poisoning (also called ARP spoofing) attack on a local area network, what action by the attacker enables interception of traffic that is intended for another host or the default gateway?
The attacker maps their own MAC address to the IP address of a legitimate host, causing that host's traffic to be sent to the attacker first.
The attacker overwhelms the switch with thousands of fake MAC addresses until the CAM table overflows.
The attacker encrypts all packets on the wire to prevent anyone else from reading them.
The attacker disables port security to allow unauthorized devices to connect to switch ports.
ARP poisoning is performed by repeatedly sending forged ARP replies that bind the attacker's MAC address to the IP address of another device (commonly the gateway). Once the false mapping is cached, frames destined for that IP are delivered to the attacker, who can forward, modify, or drop them-creating a man-in-the-middle condition. MAC flooding (CAM-table overflow) overwhelms a switch with bogus MAC entries, encryption protects data rather than redirects it, and port-security configurations restrict device access; none of these describe how ARP poisoning functions.
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