Which of the following statements accurately describes how the Domain Name System (DNS) uses transport-layer protocols when handling name-resolution traffic and zone transfers?
DNS always uses TCP for both standard queries and zone transfers.
DNS uses TCP for standard queries and UDP for zone transfers.
DNS uses UDP by default for standard queries and falls back to TCP for zone transfers or responses that exceed 512 bytes.
DNS always uses UDP for both standard queries and zone transfers.
DNS typically uses the connectionless UDP protocol on port 53 for standard name-resolution queries because its small, single-request/single-reply exchanges benefit from low overhead. When reliability is critical-such as during zone transfers or whenever a response exceeds 512 bytes-DNS switches to TCP on the same port to ensure ordered delivery and error recovery. The other options are incorrect because DNS does not rely exclusively on one protocol or reverse the protocol usage for these operations.
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