A network analyst is troubleshooting an issue where users are unable to access a web application hosted internally. Upon investigation, the analyst detects that the application receives the HTTP request, processes it, but users do not receive any response. At which layer of the OSI model should the analyst first focus their troubleshooting efforts?
The issue described pertains to the end-to-end delivery of data packets, which falls predominantly under the Transport layer, Layer 4 of the OSI model. This layer is responsible for ensuring complete data transfer. If the application receives the request and processes it, but no response is received by the users, it could mean there is a failure in the reassembly or acknowledgment of packets, which are handled at Layer 4. The Network layer mainly deals with data packet forwarding including routing through different paths in the network, which is not primarily concerned with the bidirectional flow and control acknowledgments of the establishment maintained by the Transport layer.
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What specifically does the Transport Layer (Layer 4) handle in the OSI model?
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How does the Transport Layer differ from the Network Layer?
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What tools or methods can an analyst use to troubleshoot issues at the Transport Layer?