The 'dig' command with the 'NS' option is best suited to directly retrieving a list of all the authoritative Name Servers for a specific domain. By querying these servers, you can verify if the DNS records for the domain have propagated correctly to each of them. The 'A' record query would simply return the IP address associated with a hostname, which does not directly check the authoritative servers. The '+short' option gives a shorter, more concise output, but this would not impact directly checking the authoritative servers. While 'mx' can retrieve mail server records, it is not the most comprehensive option for checking all authoritative DNS servers for a domain.