Which of the following scenarios most appropriately applies the principle of obtaining informed and written consent?
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The healthcare provider uses complex medical jargon to explain the procedure to a non-English speaking patient and obtains a signature on the consent form without providing an interpreter.
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The healthcare provider gets a verbal agreement from the patient before starting an invasive diagnostic test.
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The healthcare provider proceeds with the examination of a minor after obtaining the minor’s signature and without the presence of a parent or legal guardian.
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The healthcare provider explains the surgical procedure, potential risks, and benefits to the patient, answers the patient's questions, and then has the patient sign a consent form.
Informed and written consent are legal requirements for many medical treatments and procedures, ensuring that patients are fully aware of the risks, benefits, alternatives, and the nature of the proposed treatment. Consent must be voluntarily given without coercion. The patient receiving a clear explanation of a surgical procedure and then signing a consent form indicates a proper and legally-binding process of informed consent. As for the other options, having a patient's verbal agreement is not sufficient without proper documentation; the lack of understanding due to language barriers or receiving consent from a minor without legal capacity would both invalidate the consent process.
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