During a routine check-up, a patient reports frequent muscle cramps, irritability, and general fatigue. The provider suspects an electrolyte imbalance. Which laboratory test should be ordered to assess the patient's electrolyte status?
Hemoglobin A1C
Complete blood count (CBC)
Electrolyte panel
Lipid panel
An electrolyte panel (often included in a basic metabolic panel) measures key ions in the blood-sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate-providing direct information about fluid and acid-base balance. Abnormalities in these electrolytes can cause symptoms such as muscle cramps, irritability, and fatigue. A lipid panel evaluates cholesterol and triglycerides, a complete blood count measures cellular components like red and white blood cells, and hemoglobin A1C reflects long-term glucose control; none of these tests quantify electrolyte concentrations.
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