ISC2 Systems Security Certified Practitioner (SSCP) Practice Question
An e-commerce company runs its web tier on an Auto Scaling group of Amazon EC2 instances in a public subnet. After detecting a web shell on several instances, the incident response team applied a WAF rule to block the attacker's IP addresses. According to NIST guidelines for long-term containment, which additional action best balances continued service availability with risk reduction?
Immediately terminate the compromised instances without replacement and issue a public outage notice.
Replace the Auto Scaling launch template with a hardened, patched AMI and perform a rolling update that cycles out the existing instances.
Detach the VPC's internet gateway to sever all inbound and outbound traffic for every subnet.
Stop the entire Auto Scaling group and keep it offline until the forensic investigation is finished.
Long-term containment seeks to keep the service operating while ensuring that only trusted, fully remediated resources remain in production. NIST SP 800-61 recommends rebuilding compromised hosts from trusted media, applying patches, and gradually returning clean systems to service. Replacing the Auto Scaling launch template with a hardened, patched AMI and performing a rolling update meets these goals: the workload stays online, every new instance is clean, and compromised nodes are phased out. Simply powering off the group, deleting the internet gateway, or terminating instances without replacement all disrupt availability and either exceed the scope of containment or move directly into eradication and recovery phases, making them unsuitable as long-term containment measures.
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ISC2 Systems Security Certified Practitioner (SSCP)
Incident Response and Recovery
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