ISC2 Systems Security Certified Practitioner (SSCP) Practice Question
A healthcare provider is migrating its on-premises patient-record system into AWS. The records will reside in a new Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL instance. Regulations require that all patient data be encrypted at rest with encryption keys rotated annually and centrally managed. The application team cannot modify the workload to handle encryption. Which solution BEST satisfies these security and operational requirements?
Rely on default Amazon EBS encryption for the RDS instance's underlying volumes after launch.
Implement field-level client-side encryption in the application using the AWS Encryption SDK and store ciphertext in the database.
Run PostgreSQL on Amazon EC2 and use LUKS to encrypt the attached EBS volumes with self-managed keys.
Enable encryption at rest on the RDS instance using an AWS KMS customer managed key, and turn on key rotation in KMS.
Enabling Amazon RDS encryption at rest with an AWS KMS customer managed key (CMK) meets the compliance mandate because encryption is handled transparently by the service, covering the database files, automated backups, snapshots, and logs without requiring application changes. Using a customer managed CMK allows the security team to enable automatic annual rotation in AWS KMS, satisfying the key-management requirement. Relying solely on default EBS encryption after the instance is launched is not supported for RDS and would not encrypt backups. Client-side field-level encryption would meet the security mandate but contradicts the requirement to avoid application changes. Running PostgreSQL on EC2 with LUKS shifts operational burden to the organization and requires self-managed keys, failing the "centrally managed" criterion.
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ISC2 Systems Security Certified Practitioner (SSCP)
Security Concepts and Practices
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