ISC2 Certified Secure Software Lifecycle Professional (CSSLP) Practice Question
Your organization hosts a public REST API on a single virtual machine in one cloud availability zone. Load testing shows CPU saturation during peak usage, and planned reboots cause several minutes of outage. To align with the availability principle of redundancy, which architectural change will most effectively increase service uptime?
Schedule daily encrypted snapshots of the virtual machine to remote object storage.
Enable host-based firewall rules that rate-limit all incoming requests above a defined threshold.
Deploy identical API instances in multiple availability zones behind an auto-scaling load balancer.
Upgrade the existing virtual machine to a larger compute class with more CPU and memory.
Placing the API behind a load balancer and running identical instances in at least two availability zones introduces both horizontal scaling and geographic redundancy. If one instance fails or a zone becomes unavailable, traffic is automatically routed to healthy nodes, maintaining uptime and eliminating the single point of failure. Simply upgrading the VM adds capacity but still leaves one host and one zone vulnerable. Daily snapshots protect data but do not keep the service running when the VM is down. Host-based rate limiting may reduce abuse but does not address component failure or saturation, so overall availability remains largely unchanged.
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ISC2 Certified Secure Software Lifecycle Professional (CSSLP)
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