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ISC2 Certified Secure Software Lifecycle Professional (CSSLP) Practice Question

During threat modeling for a payment-processing platform deployed in public cloud, the team must secure the AES and RSA keys used for tokenizing card data. The architect suggests integrating a FIPS 140-2 Level 3 network HSM. Which specific security benefit does this provide compared with keeping keys in encrypted files on the server?

  • Side-channel attacks against application servers are blocked because the HSM monitors CPU power consumption in real time.

  • Keys are generated, stored, and used exclusively inside tamper-resistant hardware, making extraction virtually impossible even for privileged operators.

  • Key rotation is no longer required because the HSM automatically re-wraps keys whenever its firmware is updated.

  • Continuous availability is guaranteed because the HSM automatically mirrors all keys to alternate cloud regions without any additional configuration.

ISC2 Certified Secure Software Lifecycle Professional (CSSLP)
Secure Software Architecture and Design
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