ISC2 Certified Secure Software Lifecycle Professional (CSSLP) Practice Question
During system testing of a new loan-origination platform, developers must supply Social Security numbers so that built-in format validation and check-digit routines execute correctly. Production SSNs are prohibited from leaving the live environment. Which method best meets the functional test requirement while minimizing the risk of exposing sensitive data?
Replace each Social Security number with a format-preserving token that maps back to the real value in a secure vault.
Apply a one-way SHA-256 hash to every Social Security number before copying the records to test.
Store only the last four digits of each Social Security number and pad the rest with zeros.
Encrypt the production Social Security number column with a symmetric key shared with the test team.
Tokenization replaces each real Social Security number with a randomly generated surrogate that preserves the original data's length and format, letting validation logic run unchanged. The mapping between token and real value is kept in a secured vault, so the token itself has no exploitable meaning if leaked. One-way hashing irreversibly changes the data and breaks format checks; truncation removes digits, also failing validation routines; symmetric encryption still leaves sensitive data recoverable by anyone who has the key, so its exposure risk in a test environment remains higher than with tokens.
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What is tokenization in the context of sensitive data?
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What is tokenization in data security?
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ISC2 Certified Secure Software Lifecycle Professional (CSSLP)
Secure Software Testing
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